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資料種別 図書

The chemistry of peroxides Volume 3

edited by Alexander Greer and Joel F. Liebman

詳細情報

タイトル The chemistry of peroxides
著者 edited by Alexander Greer and Joel F. Liebman
シリーズ名 Patai's chemistry of functional groups
出版地（国名コード） GB
出版地Chichester, West Sussex, England
出版社Wiley
出版年月日等 2014
大きさ、容量等 2 volumes (xxiv, 906 pages) : illustrations (black and white, and colour) ; 24 cm
注記 "X-O-O-Y"--Cover
注記 機器種別 : unmediated
注記 キャリア種別 : volume
注記 表現種別 : text
注記 Includes bibliographical references and index
ISBN（set） 9781118412718
ISBN（set） 1118412710
OCLC番号 894610066
巻次 Volume 3
出版年(W3CDTF) 2014
件名（キーワード） Peroxides
NDLC PA225
DDC 546.7212
対象利用者 一般
資料の種別 図書
言語（ISO639-2形式） eng : English

目次
 

  • The chemistry of peroxides.Volume 3
  • Contents
  • 1.　An introduction to the consequences of spin and bond strength in the chemistry of diatomic oxygen, peroxides, and related species　Alexander Greer，Alexandru T. Balaban,，Joel F. Liebman　1
  • 2.　Applications of endoperoxides derived from acenes and singlet oxygen　Werner Fudickar，Torsten Linker　21
  • 3.　1,1-Dihydroperoxides　Chris Schwartz，Patrick H. Dussault　87
  • 4.　Peroxide intermediates of oxidation processes: Organic trioxides　Sergey L. Khursan　125
  • 5.　Organic tetroxides and mechanism of peroxy radical recombination　Sergey L. Khursan　197
  • 6.　1,2-Dioxatrisulfane (thiaperoxide) intermediates in type I and II photooxygenation reactions　Edward L. Clennan　231
  • 7.　Sulfoxylic and thiosulfurous acids and their dialkoxy derivatives　Sergei V. Makarov，Anna S. Makarova，Radu Silaghi-Dumitrescu　265
  • 8.　Reactions of metal complexes with singlet oxygen　Matthias Selke　307
  • 9.　The chemistry of nitroso oxides　Ekaterina M. Chainikova，Sergey L. Khursan，Rustam L. Safiullin　357
  • 10.　Single-molecule reactive oxygen species detection in photocatalytic reactions　Takashi Tachikawa，Tetsuro Majima　421
  • 11.　Reactions of peroxides on solid surfaces　Rossella Mello，María Elena González Naúñez　437
  • 12.　Peroxide explosives　Thomas M. Klapötke，Thomas Wloka　503
  • 13.　Gas-phase ion chemistry of organic peroxides　Shuji Kato，Stephen J. Blanksby　531
  • 14.　Quantum chemical studies of carbonyl oxide chemistry in combustion and in the lower atmosphere　Keith T. Kuwata　585
  • 15.　Computational treatments of peroxy radicals in combustion and atmospheric reactions　Keith T. Kuwata　633
  • 16.　Heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes and their emerging biomedical applications　Gregory Nkepang，Youngjae You　683
  • 17.　The use of hydrogen peroxide for disinfection and sterilization applications　Gerald McDonnell　713
  • 18.　Generation and reactivity of lipid hydroperoxides in biological systems　Albert W. Girotti，Witold Korytowski　747
  • 19.　[18O]-Peroxides: Synthesis and biological applications　Paolo Di Mascio，Sayuri Miyamoto，Marisa H. G. Medeiros，Glaucia R. Martinez,，Jean Cadet　769
  • 20.　Copper peroxide bioinorganic chemistry: From metalloenzymes to bioinspired synthetic systems　Isaac Garcia-Bosch，Kenneth D. Karlin　805
  • Subject index　857
  • Table of Contents of Volume 1　903
  • Table of Contents of Volume 2　905
  • Subject Index
  • ab initio methods
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediates,　592
  • molecular quantum chemistry,　636
  • absolute rate constants, triplet nitrene oxidations,　372-376
  • absorption maxima, aromatic nitroso oxides,　379381
  • acac see acetylacetonate
  • accelerated hydrogen peroxide solutions, high-level disinfectants,　726
  • acene endoperoxides,　21-86
  • applications,　50-81
  • arylanthracene oxygenation,　32-34
  • cycloreversion,　23
  • donor-acceptor recognition system,　74,77
  • formation,　22,23-50
  • formation intermediates,　29,30,32-34,47
  • host-guest complexes,　74-81
  • irreversible photooxygenations
  • photoinitiators,　64-66,67-68
  • photolinkers,　63-64,66
  • photolithography,　62-63,64
  • molecular switches,　68-69
  • photochromic compounds,　50-61
  • photocleavage,　45-50
  • photooxygenations,　62-66,67-68
  • photostability,　51
  • reversible and irreversible formation,　22,50,62
  • reversible photooxygenations,　50-61
  • semiconducting polyacene films,　58,60,61
  • singlet oxygen probes,　69-73,75-76
  • stability,　40-45,51,77
  • thermal cleavage,　34-45
  • thermostability,　40-45,77
  • acenes
  • endoperoxide formation,　22,23-34
  • reactions with singlet oxygens
  • electrochemical data,　26,27
  • endoperoxide formation,　23-34
  • intermediates,　32-34
  • kinetic data,　23-26
  • mechanistic studies,　29-32
  • reactivities,　23-29
  • unusual peroxide formation,　34
  • acetal-derived gem-dihydroperoxides
  • synthesis,　92-93,95,102-103
  • tetrasubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　109-110,113-115
  • acetalizations, gem-dihydroperoxides, dimeric
  • 1-hydroperoxy-1'-alkoxyperoxide synthesis,　117
  • acetals
  • gem-dihydroperoxide additions, 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　109-110,113-29
  • hydrogen peroxide additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　92-93,95,102-103
  • acetone
  • hydrotrioxide additions,　147
  • 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　386
  • acetonitrile, dialkoxy disulfide rearrangements,　289
  • acetophenone
  • hydrogen peroxide additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　93
  • 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　386
  • acetylacetonate (acac) complexes, d-metals, organometallic trioxide synthesis,　169-171
  • acetylbenzoyl peroxide, electrospray ionization,　544-546
  • N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynurenine (AFMK), synthesis, melatonin oxidations,　790-791
  • N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine see melatonin
  • acid-base properties
  • sulfoxylic acids,　272-273
  • thiosulfurous acid,　275
  • acid-catalyzed reactions, hydrotrioxide decompositions,　147-148
  • acidity
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　137-138
  • measurement, gas-phase organic peroxides,　568-570
  • silica surface adsorption sites,　439-440
  • acquired mechanisms, bacterial hydrogen peroxide resistance,　742-743
  • activated neuropeptide hormone synthesis, uncoupled dinuclear copper enzymes,　816-817
  • activation barriers, radical-O2 recombination,　637-645
  • activation parameters
  • hydrotrioxide thermal decompositions,　153-155
  • open-chain organic trioxide thermal decompositions,　159-160
  • activations
  • hydrogen peroxide formulations,　726
  • molecular oxygens
  • amine oxidase,　812,813
  • copper metalloenzymes,　810-821
  • copper-O2-metal systems,　833-840
  • copper-peroxo complexes,　812,816-818,819,831-833,846-848
  • copper-zinc superoxide dismutase,　812821
  • coupled dinuclear copper enzymes,　812,816-819
  • cytochrome c oxidase,　812,818-821,822,834-840
  • dinuclear copper-dioxygen synthetic model systems,　829-832,833-834
  • dopamine β-monooxygenase,　812,816,843-846
  • flavonol 2,4-dioxygenase,　812,813,814,848
  • galactose oxidase,　812,813-816,841-843
  • hemocyanin,　812,816-818
  • heterometallic copper-metal enzymes,　812,818-821,833-840
  • mononuclear copper enzymes,　812,813-816,823-828
  • particulate methane monooxygenase,　812,818,843-846
  • peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase,　812,816-817,843-846
  • spin states,　806-808
  • tyrosinase,　812,816-818,819,831-833,846-848
  • uncoupled dinuclear copper enzymes,　812,816-817
  • unsymmetrical copper-O2-metal systems,　833-840
  • oxygen-oxygen bonds, transition metal cations, gas phases,　554-560
  • active sites, tyrosinase/hemocyanin,　818-819
  • acyclic dialkyl sulfides, singlet oxygen reactivity,　233
  • acyclic organic peroxides, bonding strengths and spin,　10-11
  • acylations, gem-dihydroperoxides,　118
  • acyl compounds, cleavage, cytochrome c,　787
  • adamantane-derived gem-dihydroperoxides
  • synthesis,　95100102
  • tetrasubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　113-115
  • adamantanes
  • hydrogen peroxide additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　95100102
  • ozonization, hydrotrioxide synthesis,　141-142
  • adamantanone-derived gem-dihydroperoxides, tetrasubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　114-115
  • addition-eliminations, α-effects,　566-568
  • addition reactions
  • acetone, hydrotrioxides,　147
  • carbon-oxygen double bonds, ozone,　222-224
  • gem-dihydroperoxides
  • acetals,　109-110,113-115
  • carbonyl compounds,　108-110
  • enol ethers,　109-110
  • fullerenes, ozone,　176-179
  • hydrogen peroxide
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis
  • acetals,　92-93,95,102-103,112-115
  • acetophenone,　93
  • adamantane,　95100102
  • aliphatic aldehydes,　94
  • aryl aldehydes,　94
  • carbonyl compounds,　90-102
  • cycloalkanones,　92
  • enol ethers,　102-103
  • ketone acetals,　92,112-115
  • hydrotrioxides, acetone,　147
  • organic compounds, ozone,　139-143,779-780
  • ozone carbon-oxygen double bonds,　222-224
  • fullerenes,　176-179
  • organic compounds,　139-143,779-780
  • radical
  • cholesterol hydroperoxide synthesis,　779-780
  • hydrotrioxide formation,　779-780
  • singlet oxygens
  • iridium(I) complexes,　315-317
  • metal complexes,　314-320
  • rhodium(I) complexes,　315-317
  • see also conjugate additions; cycloadditions
  • adsorption
  • organic peroxides on silica surfaces,　438-439
  • ozone on solid surfaces,　447-449
  • AEF see aggregation-enhanced fluorescence
  • AFMK see N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykyourenine
  • aggregation-enhanced fluorescence (AEF), hydrogen peroxide-sensing nanoprobes,　706
  • alcohols, selective oxidations, galactose oxidase inspired copper catalytic systems,　841-843
  • aldehyde-derived gem-dihydroperoxides
  • 3,6-di-/3,3,6-tri-substituted 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　111-112
  • synthesis,　94
  • aldehydes
  • hydrogen peroxide additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　94
  • triplet carbonyl conversions, cytochrome c,　787
  • aliphatic aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide
  • additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　94
  • aliphatic azides, photolysis,　373
  • aliphatic gem-dihydroperoxides, synthesis,　91,92
  • aliphatic β-nitrenopropiophenone, oxidation/intramolecular sensibilization,　373
  • alkanes, hydroxylations, copper-peroxo complexes,　844-846
  • alkenes
  • epoxidations, molybdenum(VI)-cumene hydroperoxide system,　170-171
  • metal complexes, singlet oxygen reactivity,　326-338
  • oxidations, solid-supported substrates,　489-490
  • oxygen transfers, gem-dihydroperoxides,　120-121
  • ozonolysis Criegee intermediate formation,　585-586,597-610
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　103-104
  • tetroxolane formation,　222-224
  • substitutions, dioxetane formation effects,　685,686,689
  • alkenyl pyrazolylborato dioxo tungsten complexes, preparation,　334
  • alkoxides, d-metal containing, organometallic trioxide synthesis,　168-169
  • alkoxy radicals
  • generation
  • dialkoxy disulfide photolysis,　295
  • lipid hydroperoxides,　774
  • alkylations, gem-dihydroperoxides, tetraoxocyclo compound synthesis,　116-117
  • alkyl hydroperoxides (ROOH)
  • dissociation
  • base-induced ECO2 eliminations,　560-565
  • metastable ion mass spectrometry,　533
  • radical cations, dissociation,　533
  • selective oxygen transfers, transition metals,　558-560
  • superoxide radical anion reactivity, gas-phases,　564-565
  • synthesis, gem-dihydroperoxide dialkylations/hydrolysis,　116
  • alkylhyponitrates, decay rates,　209
  • alkyl peroxides (ROO)
  • α-nucleophilic activity with neutral substrates, gas-phases,　565-568
  • selective oxygen transfers, transition metals,　557
  • alkylperoxy radicals (ROO・)
  • low temperature combustion reactions
  • bimolecular versus unimolecular reactions,　635
  • computational methods,　633-682
  • formation energetics,　637-656
  • hydrogen shift and HO2 elimination barriers,　667-677
  • molecular quantum chemistry methodology,　635-636
  • overview,　667-669
  • recombination mechanisms,　208-214,216-218
  • alkylperoxy radicals (ROO・) (continued)
  • simulated recombinations,　216-218
  • sources and sinks,　634-635
  • allene ligands, platinum-bound, singlet oxygen ene reactions,　337-338
  • allylhydroperoxides, stereoselective synthesis, allylstannane photooxidations,　330-332
  • 1,3-allylic strain, vinyl abstractions, allyl silane singlet oxygen ene reactions,　334
  • allyl pyrazolylborato dioxo tungsten complexes, metallo-ene reactions at olefins,　334-336
  • allylsilanes
  • photooxidations,　331-334
  • singlet oxygen ene reactions,　334
  • allylstannanes
  • allylhydroperoxide stereoselective synthesis,　330-332
  • chiral hydroperoxide stereoselective synthesis,　330332
  • photooxidations,　330-332
  • singlet oxygen metallo-ene reactions,　327-332
  • α-nucleophilic peroxide anions, gas-phase interactions with neutral substrates,　565-568
  • alumina surfaces
  • characterization,　443
  • hydrogen peroxide reactions,　459-460
  • organic peroxide interactions,　443,445-446
  • solid-supported aqueous phases,　451-452,454-455
  • aluminosilicate surfaces, solid-supported aqueous phases,　452-453
  • aluminum tert-butoxide, organometallic trioxides,　166-168
  • amine-catalyzed reactions, hydrotrioxide decompositions,　147-148
  • amine oxidase (AO), dioxygen activations,　812813
  • amino acids, hydrogen peroxide effects,　740-741
  • aminoacrylate-derived dioxetanes,　686,689
  • aminoacrylates, site-specific chemotherapeutic drug delivery,　696-701
  • 4-aminophenyl azide
  • photolysis,　393
  • photooxidations,　382-383
  • 3'-(p-aminophenyl) fluorescein (APF), single-molecule hydroxyl radical detection,　430
  • 4-aminophenylnitroso azide, decay kinetics,　393
  • 4-aminophenylnitroso oxide, photolysis,　382-383
  • ammonium ion adducts, acetylbenzoyl peroxide, electrospray ionization,　544-545
  • amorphous silica see silica gel
  • anilines, aryl acetaldehyde oxidative coupling, α-ketoamide synthesis,　848-849
  • animal models, photodynamic prodrugs,　700,702-704
  • anionic sulfur oxide species, proton affinities,　275
  • anions
  • basic, organic peroxide ECO2 eliminations,　560-565
  • tert-butyl peroxide, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　539541
  • cumylperoxide, dissociation pathways,　541-542
  • ethylperoxide, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　539-540
  • fluoride,　560-565
  • gas-phases, organic peroxide ECO2 eliminations,　560-565
  • methylperoxide, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　539
  • α-nucleophilic, gas-phase interactions with neutral substrates,　565-568
  • perbenzoate, dissociation pathways　541543
  • photodetachment, ultraviolet light,　577-580
  • sulfur oxide, proton affinities,　275
  • superoxide alkyl hydroperoxide gas-phase reactivity,　564-565
  • disproportionation,　821
  • anthracene complexes, cyclometalated, photooxidations,　339-342
  • anthracene endoperoxides
  • molecular switches,　68-69
  • oxygen-18-labeled,　773
  • anthraquinone process, hydrogen peroxide formation,　232
  • antibodies, water oxidations,　128
  • antibonding orbitals, dioxygens,　3-4
  • antibonding σ*-orbitals, peroxy nitrene,　363
  • antimicrobials
  • definition,　715
  • general concepts,　716-720
  • hydrogen peroxide gas,　728-738
  • hydrogen peroxide solutions,　723-728
  • antioxidant enzymes, lipid hydroperoxide two-electron reduction,　754-755
  • antioxidants
  • bacterial hydrogen peroxide resistance,　743
  • chain breaking, lipid peroxidation,　749752
  • control mechanisms, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • nonenzymatic, lipid hydroperoxide two-electron reduction,　754
  • antisepsis/antiseptics
  • definition,　716
  • hydrogen peroxide formulations,　724-725
  • AO see amine oxidase
  • APF see 3'-(p-aminophenyl) fluorescein
  • aqueous solutions
  • hydrogen trioxide,　131-132
  • hydroperoxy radicals, bimolecular decay,　201
  • arene-substituted 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes,　106-108
  • aromatic azides, photolysis, nitroso oxide generation,　372-373
  • aromatic endoperoxides
  • photocleavage,　45-50
  • reversible formation,　22
  • thermal cleavage,　34-45
  • aromatic nitroso oxides,　369-416
  • absorption maxima,　379381
  • decay reactions,　380-403
  • electron density distributions,　369-372
  • final product formation mechanisms in solution,　388-391
  • flash photolysis with time-resolved spectrophotometry,　380-381
  • generation,　372-376
  • identification,　377-380
  • isomerization rate constants,　397398
  • low-temperature decay,　380-386
  • matrix isolation,　377-380
  • oxygen atom transfers,　411-416
  • nitroso compounds,　415-416
  • phosphorus(III) compounds,　411-413
  • sulfides/sulfoxides,　414-415
  • solution-phase chemistry,　386-400
  • spectral properties,　377-380
  • structure,　369-372
  • aroxyl compounds, synthesis, phenolic substrates,　15
  • arsonated polystyrene, catalysis in peroxide reactions,　470-472
  • artemisinin
  • infrared multiple photon dissociation,　580-581
  • mass spectrometry,　541544
  • negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy,　579-580
  • artensuate, authentication, mass spectrometry,　551
  • aryl acetaldehydes, aniline oxidative coupling, α-ketoamide synthesis,　848-849
  • aryl aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　94
  • aryl-alkyl sulfides, singlet oxygen reactions,　233
  • arylanthracenes, oxygenation,　27,28,32-34
  • arylnitroso oxides, ortho-cyclizations,　398-400
  • atmospheric chemistry
  • alkylperoxy radicals
  • computational methods,　633-682
  • sources and sinks,　634-635
  • thermal bimolecular reactions in troposphere,　656-666
  • hydrogen peroxide gas,　731-737
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　131-133
  • peroxy radicals,　199-200,222-224
  • tetroxides,　199-200,222-224
  • atomic oxygen, spin states,　2-3
  • atoms adjacent to trioxides, hydrotrioxide decomposition effects,　152
  • autocatalytic decompositions, dithionite,　280-281
  • azaspirocyclohexadienones, synthesis, copper-peroxide systems,　850-851
  • 6-azidoquinoline, photooxidations,　396-397
  • 4-(4'-azidostyryl)quinolines, photolysis products,　390
  • 2-/4-(4'-azidostyryl)quinolines, photolysis,　390
  • azoxy compounds, formation, aromatic azide photooxidations,　386-388
  • B3LYP hybrid density function methods
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate study methods,　591,592
  • CBS-QB3 disagreement, tropospheric peroxy radical reactions,　664
  • molecular quantum chemistry,　636
  • peroxy radical formation energetics,　637
  • peroxy radical reactions,　636
  • unrestricted, tropospheric peroxy radical reactions,　659661
  • bacteria
  • description,　718
  • hydrogen peroxide exposure,　715,725,728,738-744
  • hydrogen peroxide resistance,　742-744
  • inactivation,　715-716,718
  • bacterial membranes, hydrogen peroxide effects,　741
  • bacterial spores, hydrogen peroxide exposure,　715,718,725,728
  • bactericidal, definition,　715
  • bacteriostatic, definition,　715
  • Baeyer-Villiger oxidations
  • hydrotalcite surfaces,　460,461
  • polymer-supported peroxides,　471-472,473-474
  • silica-supported peroxides,　479,481,483
  • tin-containing zeolite surfaces,　463-464
  • base anions, gas-phases, organic peroxide ECO2 eliminations,　560-565
  • base-induced ECO2 eliminations, organic peroxides,　560-565
  • basis set superposition error (BSSE), quantum chemical studies,　591
  • BB1K hybrid density function method, peroxy radical formation energetics,　637
  • BDEs see bond dissociation energies
  • Becke/three-parameter/Lee-Yang-Parr methods see B3LYP
  • Bengal Rose, 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　386
  • benzaldehyde formation, O-substituted diazeniumdiolate photolysis,　391-393
  • benzenes, oxidative activation,　541543
  • benzoyl peroxides
  • decompositions, prior to analysis,　532-533
  • hydrogen peroxide preparations,　722
  • benzyl bromide reductions, dibenzyl sulfone formation,　284
  • 1-benzyl-1,4-drhydronicotinamide, sulfoxylate interactions at double bonds,　283-284
  • benzyl nitrate formation, O-substituted diazeniumdiolate photolysis,　391-393
  • benzyl-O-nitroso oxide, bi/unimolecular transformations,　391-392
  • β-HMX (octogen/cyclo-tetramethylene tetranitramine),　504,505,509,511,515
  • BF3.Et2O see boron trifluoride diethyl etherate
  • biadamantylidene, stability,　685
  • bifunctional drugs, light-controlled heteroatom-substituted dioxetane linkers,　696,698-699,701
  • biliverdin, synthesis, heme oxygenase,　808-810
  • bimolecular chemistry
  • alkylperoxy radicals in troposphere,　635,656-666
  • benzyl-O-nitroso oxide transformations,　391-392
  • chemical ionization mass spectrometry,　570-572
  • Criegee intermediates,　586,587
  • gas-phase organic peroxides,　554-572
  • hydrogen trioxide decompositions,　131
  • hydroperoxy radical decompositions,　200-202
  • binary carbon oxides, bonding strengths,　9-10
  • 7,7'-binorbornylidene, stability,　685
  • biocidal gases
  • hydrogen peroxide,　728-738
  • recommended safety levels,　738
  • biocides
  • definition,　716
  • ideal versus hydrogen peroxide,　721
  • bioinorganic copper peroxide chemistry,　805-856
  • amine oxidase,　812,813
  • antioxidant control mechanisms,　808-809
  • bioinspired catalytic systems,　810-811,821-851
  • dioxygenase-type reactions,　843848
  • metal-peroxo complexes,　810-811,821-840
  • monooxygenase-type reactions,　843-851
  • oxidase-type reactions,　841-843
  • biosynthesis, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • copper-zinc superoxide dismutase,　808-809,812,821,840
  • coupled dinuclear enzymes,　812,816-819
  • cytochrome c oxidase,　808-809,812,818-822,834-840
  • enzymatic oxygen activations,　810-821
  • flavonol 2,4-dioxygenase,　812,813,814,848
  • heterometallic enzymes,　812,818-821,833-840
  • metal-peroxo complexes,　808-810,811-812
  • molecular oxygen formation,　808-809
  • mononuclear enzymes,　812,813-816,823-828
  • particulate methane monooxygenase,　812,818,843-846
  • uncoupled dinuclear enzymes,　812,816-817
  • biological activity, gem-dihydroperoxides,　90
  • biologically relevant hydroperoxides, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　775-787
  • biological systems, copper metalloenzymes,　810-813
  • biological targets, singlet molecular oxygens,　771
  • biomedical applications, heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes,　683-712
  • biosynthesis, cytochrome P450,　808-809
  • bisacylations, gem-dihydroperoxides,　118
  • bis(o-benzosemiquinonediiminato)cobalt(III) complexes, physical deactivation of singlet oxygens,　311-313
  • bismuth triflate
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　100,101,105
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　108
  • bis(4-nitrobenzyl) sulfoxylate, structure,　288
  • bis(peroxo) vanadium(V) complexes, reductive eliminations,　321-322
  • bisperoxyacetals, synthesis, gem-dihydroperoxide dialkylations,　116
  • bisperoxyspiroacetals, synthesis, gem-dihydroperoxide electrophilic cyclizations,　117
  • bisulfate-activated silica, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　97,99,105
  • bisulfites, halogens/oxyhalogen reaction rate constants,　15
  • blood, oxygen concentration,　691
  • boiling points, hydrogen peroxide,　729-730
  • bond dissociation energies (BDEs)
  • carbon-oxygen, peroxy radical well depth,　646,647-649
  • chlorine-chlorine single bonds,　14
  • dialkoxy disulfides,　295
  • fluorine-fluorine single bonds,　14
  • oxygen-oxygen single bonds,　14
  • triacetone triperoxide oxygen-oxygen bonds,　551
  • see also bonding strengths
  • bond distances
  • peroxy nitrene,　363-365
  • phenylnitroso oxide,　373
  • sulfoxylic acid,　296
  • thiosulfurous acids,　296
  • bonding orbitals, dioxygens,　3-4
  • bonding strengths
  • acyclic organic peroxides,　10-11
  • carbon oxides,　9-10
  • consequences of,　1-20
  • dioxetanes,　11-12
  • dioxygens,　3-4
  • endoperoxides,　13
  • hydrogen peroxides,　8-9
  • nitrogen oxides,　9-10
  • oxygen ions,　6-8
  • oxygen-oxygen single bonds,　14-16
  • ozone,　5
  • ozonides,　12-13
  • peroxides,　8-14
  • sulfur oxides,　9-10
  • tetra-atomic oxygens,　5-6
  • see also bond dissociation energies
  • boron anions, alkyl hydroperoxide ECO2 eliminations,　560
  • boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BF3.Et2O)
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　102-103,105
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　109-110
  • borylnitrene, photochemical isomerizations,　385-386
  • Brønsted acid catalysis
  • gem-dihydroperoxide conversions, 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　106-108
  • gem-dihydroperoxide fragmentations,　119
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis, 96-97,　98-13
  • hydrogen trioxide,　131-132
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　106-108
  • BSSE see basis set superposition error
  • trans-2-butene, ozonolysis, Criegee intermediate formation,　602-604
  • tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), surface-mediated peroxide reactions,　450,453-455,456-457
  • tert-butyl peroxide molecular anions, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　539,541
  • tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, pseudo-molecular cation dissociation,　536,538,539
  • CA4 see combretastatin-A4
  • C60/C70 ozonides see fullerene ozonides
  • cage hydrocarbons, ozonization, hydrotrioxide formation,　139-143,144-146
  • calcein, liposome-containing bacteriochlorins for irradiation-controlled release,　686
  • calcium salts, singlet oxygen generation with hydrogen peroxide,　325-327
  • camphorsulfonic acid (CSA), gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　97,105
  • CAN see eerie ammonium nitrate
  • cancer
  • mouse tumor models of photodynamic prodrugs,　700,702-704
  • site-specific drug delivery,　688,696-701
  • carbohydrates, hydrogen peroxide effects,　741
  • carbon-13 spectra
  • hydrotrioxides,　143,146
  • open-chain organic trioxides,　158-159
  • carbon-carbon double bonds
  • localization, mass spectrometry,　551,553
  • metal complexes, singlet oxygen reactivity,　338-343
  • sulfoxylate interactions, 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide,　283-284
  • carbon chains, formation,　126
  • carbon monoxide
  • synthesis
  • flavonol oxidation,　813,814
  • heme oxygenase,　808-810
  • carbon oxides, bonding strengths,　9-10
  • carbon-oxygen bonds
  • dissociation enthalpies, peroxy radicals,　646,647-649
  • photocleavage, arene endoperoxides,　45-46
  • thermal cleavage, arene endoperoxides,　34-36
  • carbon-oxygen double bonds, ozone additions, tetroxolane formation,　222-224
  • carbon-platinum bonds
  • migratory insertions, singlet oxygen additions,　318-320
  • photochemical insertions, dioxygens,　318-319
  • carbonyl compounds
  • gem-dihydroperoxide conversions
  • Brønsted acid-catalyzed,　106-108
  • Lewis acid-promoted,　108-109
  • hydrogen peroxide additions
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　90-102
  • Brønsted acid-catalyzed,　96-97,98-99
  • Lewis acid-catalyzed,　97-102
  • uncatalyzed,　90-96
  • 1-hydroperoxy-1'-hydroxydialkyl peroxide synthesis,　106-109
  • ozonolysis, tetroxolane formation,　222
  • substitutions, ozone chemistry, tetroxolane formation,　222
  • triplet species, aldehyde conversions, cytochrome c,　787
  • carbonyl groups, [3+2]-cycloadditions, nitroso oxides,　409-411
  • carbonyl oxides
  • combustion chemistry, quantum chemical studies,　592-597
  • dimerizations,　12
  • electronic structure,　587-591
  • carbonyl oxides (continued)
  • lower atmosphere chemistry, quantum chemical studies,　585-632
  • use of terms in atmospheric chemistry,　587
  • see also Criegee intermediates
  • cardiolipin (CL) cytochrome c interactions,　785-787
  • properties,　782,785
  • cardiolipin (CL) hydroperoxides, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　782-787
  • CASSCF see complete-active-space self-consistent field
  • catalytic dioxygenase-type reactions, model
  • flavonol 2,4-dioxygenase inspired copper complexes,　848
  • catalytic organic transformations, copper-peroxo systems,　841-851
  • catalytic oxygenase-type reactions, organocupric-peroxo complexes,　848-849
  • catalyzed decompositions, hydrotrioxides,　147-148
  • oriho-catechols, synthesis, tyrosinase-catalyzed phenol oxidations　816-819
  • cationized peresters, even-electron rule violation, mass spectrometry,　544,547
  • cations
  • alkylhydroperoxides, dissociation mechanisms,　533
  • dialkyl peroxides, dissociation mechanisms,　533
  • isopropylhydroperoxide radicals,　533,535
  • metal oxides, selective oxygen transfers,　554-560
  • methylviologen, reductions,　276-277
  • molecular oxygen bonding,　8
  • peresters, even-electron rule violation,　544,547
  • transition metals alkyl hydroperoxide oxygen transfers,　554-557
  • alkyl peroxide oxygen transfers,　554-557
  • dimethyl peroxide oxygen transfers,　554-557
  • gas-phases, organic peroxide reactivity,　554-560
  • see also pseudo-molecular cations
  • CBS see complete basis set
  • CBS-QB3 methods, carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate study methods,　591-592,600-601
  • CC see coupled-cluster methods
  • CcO see cytochrome c oxidase
  • CCSD(T) see coupled-cluster methods with singles, doubles and triples
  • cell death, lipid chain peroxidation,　752
  • cells, singlet oxygen lifetimes,　691
  • cellular DNA
  • 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine formation,　795-797
  • oxygen-18-labeled 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine as an internal standard,　797-798
  • cellular membranes
  • cytochrome c oxidase,　820-821
  • hydrogen peroxide effects,　741
  • lipid peroxidation effects,　748,749,751-752
  • cell walls, bacterial, hydrogen peroxide effects,　741
  • central atoms, electronegativity, 1,3-dipoles,　360
  • CEOOHs see cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides
  • ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　100,101,105
  • CEs see cholesteryl esters
  • Ch see cholesterol
  • chain branching pathways, peroxy radicals, low temperature combustion of ethers,　593-594
  • chain-breaking molecules, lipid peroxidation,　749,752
  • chain decomposition, ozone, open-chain organic trioxides,　162-163
  • chain lengths, carbon-based molecules,　126
  • chain peroxidation of lipids,　748,749,752-754,756,757-759,761,764
  • chain propagation of peroxy radicals, low temperature combustion of ethers,　593-594
  • characterization, gem-dihydroperoxides,　89
  • charge localization, lipid hydroperoxides,　548-549
  • charge-transfer complexes (CTCs)
  • fullerene ozonizations,　177-179
  • organic compound ozonizations,　139-143,144-146,177-179
  • chemical ionization (CI) mass spectrometry
  • bimolecular reactions, organic peroxides,　570-572
  • cyclic peroxide explosives,　571
  • molecular ion formation,　532-533
  • peroxyl radicals,　572-573
  • chemically initiated electron exchange luminescence (CIEEL), hydrogen peroxide sensing peroxalate nanoparticles,　706
  • chemical shifts, open-chain organic trioxides,　158-159
  • chemiexcitation, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　770-771
  • chemiluminescence (CL)
  • acene endoperoxides,　72-73
  • cardiolipin-cytochrome c complexation,　785-786
  • cholesterol hydroperoxide decompositions,　782
  • hydrotrioxides,　150
  • lipid peroxidation,　774
  • open-chain organic trioxides,　160-162
  • chemotherapeutic drugs
  • site-specific delivery,　688,696-701
  • systemic side effects,　688
  • chiral catalysts
  • chiral hydroperoxides, singlet oxygen ene reactions,　330-332
  • side-on μ-η2-η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) cores, natural product stereospecific synthesis,　846-847
  • solid-supported fluorotropinine synthesis,　485,486
  • chiral hydroperoxides, synthesis, allyl tin complexes,　330,332
  • chlorine-chlorine single bonds, dissociation energies,　14
  • cholestane-3,3-dihydroperoxide, synthesis,　95
  • 3β-5α-cholest-6-ene-5-hydroperoxide (5α-OOH), synthesis,　779-782
  • cholesterol (Ch) peroxidation,　749-751,752-753
  • photooxidations, oxygen-18-labeled hydroperoxide synthesis,　782,783
  • cholesterol hydroperoxides (ChOOHs) decompositions,　782
  • generation and reactivity,　750-751
  • singlet molecular oxygen generation,　779-782,783-784
  • translocations,　759
  • very high-performance determination methods,　756
  • cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides (CEOOHs), translocations,　760
  • cholesteryl esters (CEs), lipoproteins,　748,750
  • ChOOHs see cholesterol hydroperoxides
  • chromatography, gem-dihydroperoxides,　89
  • chromium(III)-acetylacetonate complexes, organometallic trioxide synthesis,　169-170
  • CI see chemical ionization mass spectrometry; Criegee intermediates
  • CID see collision-induced dissociation
  • CIEEL see chemically initiated electron exchange luminescence
  • CL see cardiolipin; chemiluminescence
  • classification of microorganisms,　717-719
  • clay mineral surfaces
  • hydrogen peroxide reactions,　460-464
  • solid-supported aqueous phases,　452-453
  • cleaning, definition,　716
  • cleavage
  • acene endoperoxides,　34-50
  • carbon-oxygen bonds,　34-46
  • dioxetanes,　684,686-688
  • fatty acyl compounds, cytochrome c,　787
  • heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes,　686-688,700,702-703
  • Hock-type,　337,548,550
  • light-responsive double activatable prodrugs,　696,698-699,701
  • oxygen-oxygen bonds,　34-46
  • spontaneous, 1,2-dioxetanes,　684
  • see also photocleavage, thermal cleavage
  • cobalt complexes, singlet oxygens, physical deactivation of oxygens,　311-313
  • cobalt sulfoxylate, synthesis,　266
  • cobalt thiolato complexes, singlet oxygen reactions,　346-350
  • collision-induced dissociation (CID)
  • acetylbenzoyl peroxide,　544-545
  • ethyl peroxide,　539-540
  • protonated cumyl hydroperoxides,　536538
  • combretastatin-A4 (CA4), light-activatable prodrug,　700,702-704
  • combustion chemistry
  • alkylperoxy radicals, hydrogen shift and HO2 elimination barriers,　670-677
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediates, quantum chemical studies,　592-597
  • peroxy radicals computational methods,　633-682
  • hydrogen shift and HO2 elimination barriers,　670-677
  • overview,　667-669
  • sources and sinks,　634-635
  • complete-active-space self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculation, multireference character metric,　634
  • complete basis set (CBS)
  • bond dissociation enthalpies, alkylradical-O2 bond,　646,647-649
  • CBS-QB3 method, molecular quantum chemistry, peroxy radicals,　636,646,669
  • quantum chemical methods,　636
  • composite (multilevel) methods, molecular quantum chemistry,　636
  • computational methods
  • alkylperoxy radicals
  • atmospheric and combustion reactions,　633-682
  • quantum chemical methodology,　635-636
  • B3LYP hybrid density functions
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate study methods,　591,592
  • CBS-QB3 disagreement,　664
  • molecular quantum chemistry,　636
  • peroxy radical formation energetics,　637
  • peroxy radical reactions,　636
  • tropospheric peroxy radical reactions,　659,661,664
  • unrestricted,　659,661
  • basis set superposition error,　591
  • BB1K hybrid density functions,　637
  • computational methods (continued)
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate combustion and lower atmosphere chemistry,　585-632
  • complete-active-space self-consistent field calculations,　634
  • complete basis sets QB3 method,　636,646,669
  • composite (multilevel),　636
  • density functional theory carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate study methods,　591,592,601-602
  • combustion chemistry, peroxyl radicals,　633,667
  • molecular quantum chemistry, peroxy radicals,　636
  • peroxyl radical formation energetics,　637
  • double occupied natural orbits,　634
  • electronic structure calculations, quantum chemical methodology,　635-636
  • multicoefficient correlation methods,　636
  • organic peroxide explosive investigations and predictions,　522-524
  • quantum chemical studies, carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediates,　591-592
  • Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus theory, peroxy radical formation energetics,　643,644,645
  • concentration
  • hydrogen peroxide,　723-725,727
  • oxygen, blood/tissue/solid tumors,　691
  • condensation, hydrogen peroxide,　728-729,730-731
  • conjugate additions, gem-dihydroperoxides, enones,　120-121
  • contaminating soils
  • hydrogen peroxide,　721
  • hydrogen peroxide gas,　730-731
  • contamination control
  • hydrogen peroxide,　713-746
  • Spaulding system,　719-720
  • contemporary approaches, mass spectrometry, ionization,　544-550
  • control of microorganisms
  • general concepts,　716-720
  • hydrogen peroxide,　713-746
  • Spaulding system,　719-720
  • conversions of gem-dihydroperoxides
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　106-115
  • BrMisted acid-catalyzed,　106-108
  • Lewis acid-promoted,　108-109
  • copper(I)-α-ketocarboxylate complexes, oxygenations,　826-828
  • copper(II)-acetylacetonate complexes,　169-170
  • copper(II) allcylperoxo complexes,　826-827
  • copper(II) hydroperoxo complexes,　826-827
  • copper(III)-oxo complexes,　826-828
  • copper(III) side-on peroxo complexes,　823-824,825
  • copper metalloenzymes
  • biological systems,　810-813
  • molecular oxygen activation,　810-821
  • synthetic complexes,　810-811,821-840
  • copper peroxides
  • bioinorganic chemistry,　805-856
  • metalloenzymes in dioxygen activation,　810-821
  • metalloperoxides in nature,　806-811
  • peroxo systems in catalytic organic transformations,　841-851
  • synthetic copper-peroxo complexes,　810-811,821-840
  • copper-peroxo systems, catalytic organic transformations,　841-851
  • copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD)
  • dioxygen activations,　812,821
  • metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • superoxide anion disproportionation,　821
  • synthetic model systems,　840
  • coupled-cluster (CC) methods
  • molecular quantum chemistry,　635
  • peroxy radical reactions,　640
  • coupled-cluster methods with singles, doubles and triples (CCSD(T))
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate study methods,　591,600
  • molecular quantum chemistry,　635
  • peroxy radicals
  • formation activation barriers,　640,642,643,645
  • tropospheric reactions,　657-659,660
  • well depths,　646,651-652,654,655
  • coupled dinuclear copper enzymes
  • biological processes,　812,816-818,819
  • substrate specificity,　818-819
  • COX see cyclooxygenase
  • Criegee intermediates (CIs)
  • bimolecular reactions,　586,587
  • dimerizations,　12
  • ether combustion participation,　592-597
  • formation,　585-586,597-610
  • hydration reactions,　619,623-625
  • hydroxyl radical formation,　585,618-627
  • isoelectronic ozone electronic structure comparison,　591
  • low temperature combustion chemistry,　592-597
  • primary ozonide cycloreversion,　586,597-598,599,602-603,606,607
  • primary ozonide formation,　586,597
  • quantum chemical studies,　585-632
  • scavengers,　587
  • sources,　585-586,595,597
  • stabilized form reactivity,　618-627
  • unimolecular reactions,　586,597,610-618
  • use of terms in atmospheric chemistry,　587
  • see also carbonyl oxides
  • Criegee mechanism, ozonides,　171-173
  • cross-linking, proteins, hydrogen peroxide,　741
  • cross-recombinations, hydrogen tetroxides,　221-222
  • crystal structures
  • dicopper-oxygen species,　830
  • gem-dihydroperoxides,　89
  • CSA see camphorsulfonic acid
  • CTCs see charge-transfer complexes
  • cumene oxidations, hydrotrioxide formation,　140
  • cumyl hydroperoxides, collision-induced dissociation, mass spectrometry,　536538
  • cumyl peroxide molecular anions, dissociation pathways,　541-542
  • Cu,Zn-SOD see copper-zinc superoxide dismutase
  • cyclic dialkoxy disulfide, thiosulfite isomer/sulfoxylate formation,　291
  • cyclic disulfides, synthesis, singlet sulfur trapping,　297
  • cyclic peroxide explosives, gas-phase mass spectrometry,　571
  • cyclic thiosulfites, dialkoxy disulfide rearrangements,　291
  • cyclic trioxides,　171-186
  • fullerine ozonides,　175-186
  • transannular ozonides,　174-175
  • 1,2,3-trioxolanes,　171-174
  • cyclic voltammetry, gem-dihydroperoxides,　89
  • ortho-cyclizations, arylnitroso oxides,　398-400
  • cycloadditions
  • cyclometalated anthracene complexes,　339-342
  • singlet oxygens, carbon-carbon double bonds in metal complexes,　338-343
  • vitamin B12 derivatives,　338-340
  • [2+2] cycloadditions
  • substituted alkenes,　685
  • vitamin B12 derivatives,　338-340
  • [3+2] cycloadditions
  • carbonyl compounds, ozone, tetroxolane formation,　222-224
  • carbonyl groups, nitroso oxides,　409-411
  • nitriles, nitroso oxides,　408-409
  • nitroso oxides
  • carbonyl groups,　409-411
  • nitriles,　408-409
  • olefins,　403-408
  • organic compounds,　403-411
  • olefins, nitroso oxides,　403-408
  • organic compounds, nitroso oxides,　403-411
  • ozone, carbonyl compounds, tetroxolane formation,　222-224
  • [4+2] cycloadditions
  • cyclometalated anthracene complexes,　339-341
  • singlet oxygens with scenes, endoperoxide formation,　23,29,50
  • [4+4] cycloadditions, singlet oxygens with acenes, endoperoxide formation,　50
  • cycloalkanones, hydrogen peroxide additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　92
  • β-cyclodextrin dimers, zinc phthalocyanine complexes,　693-695
  • cyclohexane, oxidations, copper-peroxo complexes,　845-846
  • cyclometalated anthracene complexes, photooxidations, singlet oxygens,　339-342
  • cyclooxygenase (COX), lipid peroxidation,　749
  • cycloreversion
  • acene endoperoxides,　23,35-37,46
  • primary ozonides, Criegee intermediate formation in atmosphere,　586,597-598,599,602-603,606,607
  • cyclo-tetramethylene tetranitramine see β-HMX
  • cyclo-trimethylene trinitramine see RDX
  • cysteine, hydrogen peroxide effects,　740
  • cytochrome c (cyt c)
  • cardiolipin interactions,　785-787
  • properties,　785
  • triplet-triplet energy transfers,　787
  • cytochrome c oxidase (CcO)
  • bioinspired models,　811,834-840
  • dioxygen activations,　812,818-821,822,834-840
  • electromagnetically model systems,　837839
  • heme-oxygen-copper synthetic model systems,　836-837
  • metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • spin effects in model systems,　837-838
  • unsymmetrical copper-O2-metal synthetic model systems,　834-840
  • cytochrome P450
  • bioinspired models,　811
  • biosynthesis, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • oxidations, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • cytotoxic, lipid hydroperoxides,　751,752,759,761,762,764
  • DADP see diacetone diperoxide
  • dark reactions, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　770-771
  • DART see direct analysis in real time
  • data storage, photochromic compounds,　51,54,55
  • deactivated photosensitizers (dPS), intracellular activation,　696-700,701
  • decalin, ozonization, hydrotrioxide synthesis,　141-142
  • decompositions
  • 4-aminophenylnitroso azide kinetics,　393
  • aromatic introso oxides,　380-403
  • autocatalytic, dithionite,　280-281
  • benzoyl peroxides, prior to analysis,　532-533
  • diacylperoxides, silica surfaces,　439-440
  • dialkoxy disulfides, photolytic autocatalyzed,　297-300
  • dithionite,　280-281
  • endoperoxides,　771-773
  • fullerene ozonides,　184-186
  • hydrogen tetroxide,　204-207
  • hydrotrioxides,　143-155
  • catalyzed,　147-148
  • kinetics,　151-155
  • retaining trioxide,　143-147
  • thermal,　148-155
  • linear tetroxides, lipid hydroperoxides,　775
  • organic peroxides
  • products on solid silica surfaces versus solution,　440-442
  • reaction rates on solid silica surfaces versus solution,　439-440,441,442-443
  • in solution in presence of alumina surfaces,　445-446
  • ozone, solid surfaces,　449-450
  • sodium dithionite, thiosulfurous acid,　285-287
  • tetroxides,　200,204-207,775
  • tryptophan hydroperoxides, N-formylkynurenine synthesis,　788-789
  • decontamination, definition,　716
  • DEE see diethyl ether
  • deep-tissue penetrable light, photodynamic therapy, 692
  • degradation
  • DNA, hydrogen peroxide effects,　739-740
  • pentathionate, sulfoxylic acid involvement, 281
  • proteins, hydrogen peroxide effects,　740-741
  • density functional theory (DFT)
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate study methods,　591,592,601-602
  • combustion chemistry, peroxyl radical reactions,　667
  • hybrid density function methods, peroxyl radical formation energetics,　637
  • molecular quantum chemistry, peroxy radicals,　636
  • peroxy radicals, combustion and atmospheric reactions,　633
  • deoxygenations
  • nitrosobenzenes,　372-373
  • phosphorous(III) compounds,　395
  • deoxyribonucleic acid see DNA
  • depside, synthesis, flavonol oxidation,　813814
  • DESI see desorption electrosprav ionization
  • desorption electrospray ionization (DESI)
  • Artensuate authentication,　551
  • organic peroxides,　541,544-550,551-553
  • detonation pressure (P), high energy dense materials,　504,511,523,524
  • detonation velocity (VoD), high energy dense materials,　504,509,511519,523,524
  • dew points
  • hydrogen peroxide,　730
  • see also saturation
  • DFT see density functional theory
  • diacetone diperoxide (DADP)
  • properties,　516,523
  • structure,　515-516,517
  • synthesis,　510,515
  • diacylperoxides
  • decomposition, on solid silica surfaces versus in solution,　439-440
  • pseudo-molecular cations, electrospray ionization,　544-545
  • dialkoxy disulfides
  • bond dissociation energies,　295
  • photolysis,　295,297-300
  • photolytic autocatalyzed decompositions,　297-300
  • rearrangements in acetonitrile, 289
  • synthesis,　289-293
  • dialkoxy sulfoxylates, synthesis,　287-289
  • dialkylations, gem-dihydroperoxides, bisperoxyacetal synthesis,　116
  • dialkyl peroxides
  • radical cation dissociation mechanisms,　533
  • transition metal interactions,　554-557
  • dialkyl sulfides, singlet oxygen reactivity,　233
  • dialkyltetroxides, structure and thermochemistry,　214-216
  • dialkyl trioxides,　155-166
  • carbon-13/hydrogen-1 spectra,　158-159
  • chemiluminescence,　160-162
  • fluorinated,　164-166
  • ozone chain decomposition,　162-163
  • simulations,　163-164
  • synthesis,　156-158
  • thermal decomposition,　158-163
  • diaralkyl trioxides,　155-164
  • carbon-13/hydrogen-1 spectra,　158-159
  • chemiluminescence,　160-162
  • ozone chain decomposition,　162-163
  • simulations,　163-164
  • synthesis,　156-158
  • thermal decomposition,　158-163
  • 3,6-diaryl-1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes, synthesis,　106108
  • diatomic oxygen see molecular oxygens; singlet oxygens
  • diatomic sulfur, electronic configuration,　5
  • dibenzyl sulfones, synthesis, benzyl bromide reductions,　284
  • bis-(μ-oxo)-dicopper(III) complexes,　830-833
  • dicopper-oxygen species
  • crystal structures,　830
  • reactivity,　830
  • spectroscopic features,　830
  • N,N'-di-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-1,4-napthalenedipropanamide, oxygen-18-labeled endoperoxide synthesis,　773
  • dienes, diatomic sulfur trapping,　297
  • diethyl ether (DEE), low temperature combustion,　596-597
  • gem-dihydroperoxides (g-DHP/1,1-dihydroperoxides),　87-124
  • acetalizations, dimeric 1-hydroperoxy-1'-alkoxyperoxide synthesis,　117
  • acid-promoted hydrolysis, dimerization and fragmentation, 119
  • acylations,　118
  • alkylations, tetraoxocyclo compound synthesis,　116-117
  • biological activity,　90
  • bisacylations,　118
  • carbonyl additions, 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　108
  • characterization,　89
  • commercial sources,　88
  • conjugate additions, enones,　120-121
  • conversions
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　106-115
  • with acetals,　109-110
  • Brønsted acid-catalyzed,　106-108
  • with carbonyls,　106-109
  • comparison of methods,　111-115
  • with enol ethers,　109-110
  • Lewis acid-promoted,　108-110
  • platinum anodes,　110
  • crystal structures,　89
  • dialkylations, bisperoxyacetal synthesis,　116
  • dimerizations,　119
  • electrophilic cyclizations, bisperoxyspiroacetal synthesis,　117
  • fragmentations,　119
  • oxygen transfers to alkenes/heteroatoms,　120-121
  • physical properties,　89
  • purification,　89
  • safety and regulatory issues,　88-89
  • silylations,　119-120
  • synthesis,　90-105
  • acetal/hydrogen peroxide additions,　92-93,95,102-103
  • acetophenone/hydrogen peroxide additions,　93
  • adamantane/hydrogen peroxide additions,　95,100,102
  • aliphatic aldehyde/hydrogen peroxide additions,　94
  • alkene ozonolysis,　103-104
  • aryl aldehyde/hydrogen peroxide additions,　94
  • carbonyl/hydrogen peroxide additions,　90-102
  • Brønsted acid-catalyzed,　96-97,98-99
  • Lewis acid-catalyzed,　97-102
  • uncatalyzed,　90-96
  • cycloalkanone/hydrogen peroxide additions,　92
  • enol ether/hydrogen peroxide additions,　92-93,95,102-103
  • enol ether ozonolysis,　103-104
  • epoxide fragmentations,　102-103,104-105
  • methyl ketones,　91
  • tosylhydrazone oxidations,　104
  • thermal stability,　89
  • 1,1-dihydroperoxyadamantane, synthesis, hydrogen peroxide-mediated adamantane bishydroperoxidations,　95
  • N-(2,6-diisopropylpheny1)-N-octylterrylene-3,4,11,12-tetracarboxdinnide (TM), single-molecule singlet oxygen detection,　424-426
  • dilutions, hydrogen peroxide,　723-725
  • dimeric 1-hydroperoxy-1'-alkoxyperoxides, synthesis, gem-dihydroperoxide acetalizations,　117
  • dimerizations
  • carbonyl oxides,　12
  • gem-dihydroperoxides,　119
  • nitrile oxides,　12-13
  • oxygens,　3-4
  • peroxy radicals, tetroxide/hydrotetroxide formation,　208-214
  • triphenylmethyl free radicals,　15-16
  • dimethoxysulfane, vapor-phase structure,　294
  • 1,3-/1,4-dimethylcyclohexanes, ozonization, hydrotrioxide formation,　139,141-142
  • 1,2-dimethyldiazene, ozonolysis,　375-376
  • dimethyl ether, low temperature combustion,　592-595
  • dimethyl-S-hydroperoxysulfonium ylide, structural data,　252
  • 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene, reversible endoperoxide formation,　772
  • dimethylperoxide
  • mass spectrometry,　536,554-557
  • transition metal interactions,　554-557
  • dimethylperoxide molecular ions, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　533-534
  • dimethylpersulfoxide, structural data 239-240
  • dimethylthiadioxirane, structural data, 247, 248
  • dinitrobenzene, formation, 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　388-391
  • dinuclear copper-O2 synthetic model systems,　829-832,833-834
  • dinuclear copper-O2 synthetic model systems (continued)
  • bis-(μ-oxo)-dicopper(III) complexes,　830-833
  • trans-μ-η1-η1-peroxo-dicopper(II) cores,　829-830
  • phenolic compound ortho-hydroxylations,　831-833
  • side-on μ-η2-η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) cores,　829-833
  • tyrosinase-like reactivities,　831-833,846-848
  • dinuclear coupled copper enzymes
  • biological processes,　812,816-818,819
  • substrate specificity,　818-819
  • dinuclear uncoupled copper enzymes, biological processes,　812,816-817
  • 1,3-dioxane oxidations, hydrotrioxide formation,　141
  • 1,2-dioxatrisulfanes (thiaperoxides), photooxygenation intermediates,　231-263
  • dioxetane intermediates, cholesterol photooxidations,　782783
  • dioxetane linkers, drug delivery liposomes,　692-693
  • singlet oxygen cleavage,　686-688
  • visible/near infrared irradiation,　688-700
  • 1,2-dioxetanes
  • alkene substitution effects,　685,686,689
  • biomedical applications,　683-712
  • bonding strengths,　11-12
  • electronic configuration,　11-12
  • formation,　684
  • dioxetanes
  • alkene substituent effects,　685,686,689
  • bonding strengths,　11-12
  • formation,　684
  • heteroatom-substituted
  • biomedical applications,　683-712
  • light-controlled drug release,　692-701
  • drugs from prodrugs,　696-701
  • liposomes,　692-693
  • sensitizers,　692-696
  • singlet oxygen-mediated cleavage,　686-688
  • isolation,　684-685
  • photodynamic prodrugs,　696-701
  • spin effects,　11-12
  • spontaneous cleavage,　684
  • stability,　684-685
  • dioxiranes
  • polymer-supported,　476-478
  • silica-supported,　484-485
  • 1,3-dioxolane oxidations, hydrotrioxide formation,　141
  • dioxolane formation, perepoxide
  • rearrangements,　329-330
  • (Z)-1,2-dioxyethene spacers, Vycor glass optical fiber systems,　694-696,697
  • dioxygenase-type reactions, bioinspired copper catalytic systems,　843,848
  • dioxygens see molecular oxygens; singlet oxygens; triplet oxygens
  • 9,10-diphenylanthracene (DPA)
  • endoperoxides
  • photocleavage,　45
  • reversible formation,　772
  • singlet oxygen probes,　69-71
  • diphenyl sulfide trapping, photooxygenations,　235,236
  • diphenyl sulfoxide trapping, photooxygenations,　235,236
  • 1,3-dipolar insertions, organic compound ozonization to hydrotrioxides,　139-141
  • 1,3-dipoles
  • electronic structures,　359-362
  • ground state natural orbitals,　361
  • relative diradical characters,　359,360
  • structural weights,　359
  • see also peroxy nitrene
  • diradical potentials, 1,3-dipoles,　359,360
  • diradical structure, carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediates,　587-588,592
  • direct analysis in real time (DART), organic peroxides,　551-553
  • disinfectants
  • levels,　719-720
  • Spaulding system,　719-720
  • disinfection
  • definition,　716
  • hydrogen peroxide,　713-746
  • formulations,　725-728
  • gas system cycles,　733-736
  • disproportionations
  • hydrogen peroxide,　322-326
  • hydroperoxy radicals,　207-208
  • peroxy radicals,　207-208,214-216
  • superoxide anions,　821
  • dissociation
  • alkylhydroperoxide radical cations, metastable ion mass spectrometry,　533
  • alkyl hydroperoxides, base-induced ECO2 eliminations,　560-565
  • tert-butyl peroxide molecular anions, unimolecular pathways,　539,541
  • tent-butyl peroxybenzoate pseudo-molecular cations,　536,538,539
  • cumylperoxide molecular anions,　541-542
  • dialkylperoxide radical cations,　533
  • dimethylperoxide molecular ions,　533-534
  • ethylperoxide molecular anions, unimolecular pathways,　539-540
  • methylperoxide molecular anions, unimolecular pathways,　539
  • organic peroxides, gas-phases,　532-541,542-543
  • perbenzoate molecular anions,　541,543
  • iso-propylhydroperoxide radical cations,　533,535
  • protonated dimethylperoxides, gas-phases,　536
  • unsaturated phospholipid secondary ozonides,　551,553
  • distonic peroxyl radical ions, synthesis,　573-577
  • disubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes, synthesis, gem-dihydroperoxide conversions,　106-108,111
  • disulfur tetramers, bonding,　5-6
  • 1,5-dithiacyclooctane (9)-S-hydroperoxysulfonium ylide, structural data,　252
  • dithiolato complexes, singlet oxygen reactions
  • nickel,　343-344
  • palladium,　343,344-345
  • platinum,　345-348,350
  • dithionate, iron-tetrasulfophthalocyanine-catalyzed nitrite reductions,　278
  • dithionite, autocatalytic decomposition,　280-281
  • DβM see dopamine p-monooxygenase
  • d-metal acetylacetonate complexes, organometallic trioxide synthesis,　169-171
  • d-metal alkoxides, organometallic trioxide synthesis,　168-169
  • DNA
  • hydrogen peroxide effects,　739-740
  • oxidations, oxygen-18 peroxides,　790-798
  • 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine formation, singlet molecular oxygens,　795-797
  • oxygen-18-labeled 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine as an internal standard,　797-798
  • photocleavage, vanadium(V) peroxo complexes,　321-322
  • donor-acceptor recognition system, acene endoperoxides,　74,77
  • DONOs see double occupied natural orbits
  • dopamine β-monooxygenase (DβM)
  • dioxygen activations,　812,816
  • synthetic organocopper catalytic systems,　843-846
  • double activatable prodrugs, light-responsive heteroatom-substituted dioxetane cleavage sensors,　696,698-699,701
  • double bonds
  • carbon-carbon
  • localization,　551,553
  • metal complexes,　338-343
  • sulfoxylate interactions,　283-284
  • carbon-oxygen, ozonations in tetroxolane formation,　222-224
  • dioxygens,　3-4
  • double occupied natural orbits (DON0s), complete-active-space self-consistent field calculation,　634
  • DPA see 9,10-diphenylanthracene
  • dPS see deactivated photosensitizers
  • drug delivery
  • chemotherapeutic drug systemic side effects,　688
  • double activatable prodrugs,　696,700-701
  • light-responsive liposomes,　686-688
  • need for spatial localization,　688
  • photodynamic therapy,　691-692
  • visible/near infrared irradiation,　688-700
  • see also site-specific drug delivery
  • dry ozonization, hydrotrioxide synthesis,　141-142
  • dual stimuli-responsive polymeric prodrug of vanillin nanoparticles,　706-707
  • ECO2 eliminations, organic peroxides, gas-phases,　560-565
  • ED see electron-donating
  • El see electron ionization mass spectrometry
  • electron density distributions
  • aromatic nitroso oxides,　369-372
  • peroxy nitrene,　360
  • electron-donating (ED) substituents
  • arylnitroso oxide ortho-cyclizations,　399-400
  • substituted alkene singlet oxygen [2+2] cycloadditions,　685
  • electronegativity, central atoms, 1,3-dipoles,　360
  • electronically excited states
  • hydrotrioxides,　150-151
  • peroxy nitrene,　363-365
  • see also singlet...; triplet...
  • electronic configuration
  • alkylperoxy radicals,　635-636
  • aromatic nitroso oxides,　369-372
  • atomic oxygen,　2-3
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediates,　587-591
  • dioxetanes,　11-12
  • dioxygens,　3-4
  • 1,3-dipoles,　359-362
  • diradical versus zwitterionic characters,　587-588
  • endoperoxides,　13
  • isoelectronic ozone,　591
  • oxygen-oxygen single bonds,　14
  • ozone, 5
  • peroxy 1,3-dipoles,　358-359
  • phenylnitroso oxides,　371
  • quantum chemical methodology,　635-636
  • electronic effects, ally' tin complex/singlet oxygen reactions,　330-331
  • 4π-electronic systems, 1,3-dipoles/peroxy nitrene,　359,360,361,365
  • electron ionization (EI) mass spectrometry, molecular ion formation,　532-533
  • electron-withdrawing (EW) substituents, arylnitroso oxide ortho-cyclizations,　399-400
  • electrophilic cyclizations, gem-dihydroperoxides, bisperoxyspiroacetal synthesis,　117
  • electrospray ionization (ESI), organic peroxides,　541,544-550
  • electrostatic discharge sensitivity (ESD), high energy dense materials,　503-504
  • elemental sulfur, DieIs-Alder adduct formation,　297
  • elimination barriers, HO2, alkylperoxy radical combustion reactions,　670-677
  • eliminations
  • singlet oxygens, metal complexes,　319-322
  • see also reductive eliminations
  • enantiomeric synthesis
  • allylhydroperoxides, allylstannane photooxidations,　330-332
  • chiral hydroperoxides, singlet oxygen ene reactions, allyl tin complexes,　330,332
  • natural products, side-on
  • μ-η2-η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) cores,　846-847
  • end-on copper-superoxo complexes,　823-825
  • 1,4-endoperoxides, bonding strengths,　13
  • endoperoxides (EPOS) acenes and singlet oxygens,　21-86
  • bonding strengths,　13
  • oxygen-18-labeled singlet molecular oxygen generation,　772-773
  • photocleavage to scenes,　45-50
  • reversible formation,　22,23
  • singlet oxygen probes,　69-73
  • thermal cleavage to scenes,　34-45
  • thermolysis,　772-773
  • see also scene endoperoxides
  • endospores,　715718
  • see also bacterial spores
  • ene chemistry, singlet oxygens, metal complexes,　326-338
  • enol ethers
  • gem-dihydroperoxide additions, 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　109-110
  • hydrogen peroxide additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　92-93,95,102-103
  • ozonolysis, gern-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　103-104
  • enones, conjugate additions, gem-dihydroperoxides,　120-121
  • 1,6-enynes, intramolecular oxidative cyclizations, 1,4-naphthoquinone synthesis,　850-851
  • enzymes
  • activated neuropeptide hormone synthesis,　816-817
  • bacterial hydrogen peroxide resistance,　743
  • copper metalloenzymes, molecular oxygen activations,　810-821
  • lipid hydroperoxide two-electron reduction,　754-755
  • lipid peroxidation,　749,774
  • molecular oxygen activations coupled dinuclear copper sites,　812,816-819
  • heterometallic copper-metal sites,　812,818-821,833-840
  • mononuclear copper sites,　812,813-816,823-828
  • uncoupled dinuclear copper sites,　812,816-817
  • substrate specificity,　818-819
  • see also individual enzymes...
  • EPOS see endoperoxides
  • epoxidations, alkenes, molybdenum(V1)-cumene hydroperoxide system,　170-171
  • epoxide fragmentations, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　104-105
  • epoxyketone fragmentations, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　102-103,104-105
  • equilibrium formation, tetroxides, peroxide radical mechanisms,　208-214
  • ESD see electrostatic discharge sensitivity
  • esterases, deactivated photosensitizer activation,　696-700,701
  • ethene ozonolysis, Criegee intermediate formation in atmosphere,　599-602
  • ether oxidation, Criegee intermediates participation,　591-597
  • ethylene, electronic configuration,　4
  • ethylene oxide gas, safety,　737-738
  • ethyl hydroperoxides
  • base anion-induced ECO2 eliminations,　563-565
  • positive ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry,　536
  • 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38), light-activatable prodrug,　700
  • ethyl peroxide molecular anions, dissociation pathways, unimolecular,　539-540
  • europium(III) anthracine complexes, luminescent singlet oxygen probes,　341-343
  • evaporation, hydrogen peroxide,　729-730,732-734
  • even-electron rule, protein structure elucidation,　544,547
  • EW see electron-withdrawing
  • experimental data-quantum chemistry prediction comparison, peroxy radicals,　633
  • formation energetics,　646,647-649
  • tropospheric reactions,　665
  • explosives,　503-530,571
  • traditional,　504-505
  • see also terrorism
  • fast reaction sites, silica surfaces,　439-440
  • fatty acid peroxides, polyunsaturated, mass spectrometry,　548,549
  • fatty acids
  • carbon-carbon double bond localization, mass spectrometry,　551,553
  • peroxidations,　773-774
  • polyunsaturated, peroxidations,　773-774
  • fatty acyl compound cleavage, cytochrome c,　787
  • FDO see flavonol 2,4-dioxygenase
  • FeTSPc see iron-tetrasulfophthalocyanine
  • flash evaporation, hydrogen peroxide,　730
  • flash photolysis with time-resolved spectrophotometry, aromatic nitroso oxides,　380-381
  • flavonol, oxidation, carbon monoxide/depside formation,　813,814
  • flavonol 2,4-dioxygenase (FDO/quercetinase)
  • dioxygen activations,　812,813,814
  • model copper complexes, catalytic dioxygenase-type reactions,　848
  • fluorescein molecules, single-molecule ROS detection,　427-428,430-432
  • fluorescence images, single molecule ROS detection
  • hydroxyl radical,　427-429,430-432
  • singlet oxygens,　424-426
  • fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) probes, heteroatom-substituted dioxetane cleavage sensor,　700,702-703
  • fluoride anions, alkyl hydroperoxide ECO2 eliminations,　560-565
  • fluorinated dialkyl trioxides,　164-166
  • fluorinated fiber-optic tips, photosensitizer delivery,　696-697
  • fluorine-fluorine single bonds, dissociation energies,　14
  • fluoroboric acid (HBF4), 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis, carbonyl/gem-dihydroperoxide additions,　106-108
  • FMK see N-formylkynurenine
  • fogging systems, hydrogen peroxide gas,　731-732
  • food spoilage prevention, hydrogen peroxide,　719,723-724
  • formaldehyde, electronic configuration,　4
  • formaldehyde oxide, parent Criegee intermediate
  • combustion chemistry,　595
  • electronic structure,　587,589,590
  • formation energetics
  • alkylperoxy radicals,　637-656
  • hydrogen tetroxide,　204-207
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　136-137
  • formic acid, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　96,105
  • formulations
  • definition,　716
  • hydrogen peroxide,　725-728
  • N-formylkynurenine (FMK), synthesis, tryptophan oxidations,　788-789
  • Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, peroxy nitrene,　362
  • Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry
  • alkyl hydroperoxide-transition metal interactions,　558-560
  • alkyl peroxide-transition metal interactions,　557
  • dimethyl peroxide-transition metal interactions,　554-557
  • fragmentations
  • gem-dihydroperoxides,　119
  • epoxides, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　102-103,104-105
  • proteins, hydrogen peroxide,　741
  • free radicals
  • generation, hydrotrioxide decomposition,　149-150
  • reactive oxygen species,　421
  • triphenylmethyl, reversible dimerizations,　15-16
  • friction sensitivity (FS), peroxide-based explosives,　522,527
  • fullerene ozonides,　175-186
  • kinetics,　176-177
  • simulations,　177-179
  • synthesis,　176-179
  • thermal decomposition,　184-186
  • thermal stability,　179-184
  • fullereno-1,2,3-trioxolanes,　179-184
  • fumigation, definition,　716
  • functionalized allylsilanes, photooxidations,　331-334
  • functionalized polymeric resins
  • catalysts in peroxide reactions,　470-472
  • see also polymer-supported peroxides
  • fungi, description,　718
  • fungicidal, definition,　715
  • 2,3-furandimethylene dialkoxy disulfide, structure,　291
  • galactose oxidase (GO)
  • dioxygen activations,　812,813-816
  • synthetic catalytic systems,　841-843
  • γ-alumina, organic peroxide interactions,　443,445
  • gases
  • biocidal,　728-738
  • saturation, hydrogen peroxide,　730
  • gas-phase diffusion, single molecule ROS detection,　424
  • gas-phases
  • distonic peroxyl radical ion synthesis,　573-577
  • hydrogen peroxide atmospheric applications,　731-734
  • disinfection and sterilization,　728-738
  • interaction with water,　729-730
  • safety,　731
  • saturation,　730
  • vacuum applications,　731,734-737
  • hydroperoxy radicals, bi/trimolecular decay,　201
  • ion chemistry, organic peroxides,　531-584
  • organic peroxide ions
  • molecular ion formation and dissociation,　532-541,542-543
  • nucleophilic reactions with neutral substrates,　565-568
  • photochemistry,　577-581
  • unimolecular chemistry,　532-553
  • organic peroxides acidity measurements,　568-570
  • base-induced ECO2 eliminations,　560-565
  • bimolecular ion chemistry,　554-572
  • distonic peroxyl radical ion synthesis,　573-577
  • ion chemistry,　531-584
  • molecular ion formation and dissociation,　532-541,542-543
  • neutral peroxide-ion interactions,　554-565
  • α-nucleophilic activity with neutral substrates,　565-568
  • transition metal-cation interactions,　554-560
  • unimolecular chemistry,　532-553
  • peroxyl radicals, ionization,　572-577
  • protonated peroxides, infrared multiple photon dissociation,　580-581
  • see also plasmas
  • gas-phase transformations, peroxy nitrene,　366-369
  • gas processes
  • hydrogen peroxide physical chemistry,　729-731
  • prions,　728-729
  • sterilization,　731-738
  • Gaussian-n (Gn) theory
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate study methods,　601
  • molecular quantum chemistry,　636
  • g-DHP see gem-dihydroperoxides
  • gel-phases
  • polymer supported peroxides,　467
  • see also silica gel
  • gem-dihydroperoxides (g-DHP/1,1-dihydroperoxides),　87-124
  • acetalizations, dimeric 1-hydroperoxy-1'-alkoxyperoxide synthesis,　117
  • acid-promoted hydrolysis, dimerization and fragmentation,　119
  • acylations,　118
  • alkylations, tetraoxocyclo compound synthesis,　116-117
  • biological activity,　90
  • bisacylations,　118
  • carbonyl additions, 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　108
  • characterization,　89
  • commercial sources,　88
  • conjugate additions, enones,　120-121
  • conversions
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　106-115
  • with acetals,　109-110
  • Brønsted acid-catalyzed,　106-108
  • with carbonyls,　106-109
  • comparison of methods,　111-115
  • with enol ethers,　109-110
  • Lewis acid-promoted,　108-110
  • platinum anodes,　110
  • crystal structures,　89
  • dialkylations, bisperoxyacetal synthesis,　116
  • dimerizations,　119
  • electrophilic cyclizations, bisperoxyspiroacetal synthesis,　117
  • fragmentations,　119
  • oxygen transfers to alkenes/heteroatoms,　120-121
  • physical properties,　89
  • purification,　89
  • safety and regulatory issues,　88-89
  • silylations,　119-120
  • synthesis,　90-105
  • acetal/hydrogen peroxide additions,　92-93,95,102-103
  • acetophenone/hydrogen peroxide additions,　93
  • adamantane/hydrogen peroxide additions,　95,100,102
  • aliphatic aldehyde/hydrogen peroxide additions,　94
  • alkene ozonolysis,　103-104
  • aryl aldehyde/hydrogen peroxide additions,　94
  • carbonyl/hydrogen peroxide additions,　90-102
  • Brønsted acid-catalyzed,　96-97,98-99
  • Lewis acid-catalyzed,　97-102
  • uncatalyzed,　90-96
  • cycloalkanone/hydrogen peroxide additions,　92
  • enol ether/hydrogen peroxide additions,　92-93,95,102-103
  • enol ether ozonolysis,　103-104
  • epoxide fragmentations,　102-103,104-105
  • methyl ketones,　91
  • tosylhydrazone oxidations,　104
  • thermal stability,　89
  • generalized valence bond (GVB) calculations, carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate electronic structure,　588,589,590,591
  • generation
  • alkoxyl radicals, lipid hydroperoxides,　774
  • alkoxy radicals, dialkoxy disulfide photolysis,　295
  • carbon monoxide, heme oxygenase,　808-810
  • free radicals, hydrotrioxide decomposition,　149-150
  • hydrogen trioxide,　128129
  • hydroperoxides, tryptophan oxidations, singlet molecular oxygens,　788-791
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　136
  • molecular ions, organic peroxides, gas-phases,　532-541,542-543
  • oxygen-18-labeled singlet molecular oxygens, endoperoxides,　772-773
  • peroxyl radicals, lipid hydroperoxides,　774
  • singlet molecular oxygens lipid hydroperoxides,　773-787
  • napthalene endoperoxides,　770-773
  • oxygen-18-labeled cardiolipin hydroperoxides,　782-787
  • oxygen-18-labeled cholesterol hydroperoxides,　779-782,783-784
  • oxygen-18-labeled linoleic acid hydroperoxides,　775-779
  • Russell mechanism,　774,782,784,787
  • singlet oxygens calcium salts,　325-327
  • hydrogen peroxide,　322-327
  • lipid hydroperoxides,　773-787
  • metal peroxo complexes, hydrogen peroxide disproportionation,　322-326
  • molybdenum peroxides,　322-325
  • napthalene endoperoxides,　770-773
  • Russell mechanism,　774,782,784,787
  • tungsten peroxides,　324
  • singlet sulfurs, dialkoxy disulfides,　295-300
  • generators, hydrogen peroxide gas,　731-734
  • geometric parameters
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　134-135
  • peroxy nitrene electronically excited states,　364
  • ground state,　363
  • phenylnitroso oxides,　370,371
  • germanes, oxidations, hydrotrioxide formation,　140-141,146
  • glass
  • optical fiber systems,　694-696,697
  • supported substrates, oxidation reactions,　490491
  • glucose delivery, phototriggered liposomes, heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes,　692-693
  • glycine, hydrogen peroxide effects,　740
  • Gn see Gaussian-n theory
  • GO see galactose oxidase
  • gold(I) thiolato complexes, singlet oxygens, physical deactivation of oxygens,　312-314
  • green catalysts, bioinspired approaches,　810-811
  • ground state electronic configuration, atomic oxygen,　2-3
  • ground-state natural orbitals, peroxy nitrene,　361,362-363
  • group VII metal complexes, reductive eliminations, singlet oxygens,　320
  • guanine
  • cellular DNA, 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine formation,　795-797
  • oxidations singlet molecular oxygens
  • isolated 2'-deoxyribonucleosides,　790-796
  • secondary reactions,　793-796
  • oxygen-18-labeled 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine as an internal standard in cellular DNA,　797-798
  • GVB see generalized valence bond
  • HO2・ see hydroperoxyl radical
  • Haber-Weiss mechanism, superoxide/alkyl hydroperoxide gas-phase reactivity,　564-565
  • half-lives, acene endoperoxides,　40-42,42-43
  • halogenated solvents, singlet oxygen lifetimes,　690-691
  • halogenations, biomolecules, neutrophils,　779
  • halogens, sulfoxylate/bisulfite reactions, rate constants,　15
  • Hartree-Fock (HP) theory, carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate study methods,　588,591,592,601
  • HAT see hydrogen atom transfers
  • Hc see hemocyanin
  • heavily soiled items, hydrogen peroxide gas sterilization,　730-731
  • heavy atom effects, singlet oxygen lifetimes,　691
  • HEDMs see high energy dense materials
  • helminths (parasitic worms), description,　719
  • heme-dioxygen-copper model systems, cytochrome c oxidase mimics,　836-837
  • heme irons, cytochrome c, cardiolipin complexation,　785-786
  • heme oxygenase (HO), metal-peroxo complexes,　808-810
  • hemerythrin, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • hemiortho esters, formation, 1,3-dioxanes/dioxolane ozonization,　141
  • hemocyanin (Hc), dioxygen activations,　812,816-818
  • heteroatoms
  • hydrotrioxide decomposition effects,　152-153
  • oxygen transfers, gem-dihydroperoxides,　120-121
  • heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes
  • biomedical applications,　683-712
  • light-controlled drug release
  • liposomes,　692-693
  • prodrugs,　696-701
  • sensitizers,　692-696
  • visible/near infrared irradiation,　688-700
  • singlet oxygen-mediated cleavage,　686-688
  • heterometallic copper-metal enzymes, biological processes,　812,818-821
  • hexamethylenetriperoxodiamine (HMTD),　518-521,523
  • synthesis and structure,　518,519
  • tetramethylene diperoxide diamine dialdehyde relationship,　520
  • thermal decomposition,　520,521
  • hexogen see RDX
  • HF see Hartree-Fock theory
  • HFP see 3'(p-hydroxyphenyl)fluorescein
  • HHPs see 1-hydroperoxy-1'-hydroxydialkyl peroxides
  • high energy dense materials (HEDMs),　503-530
  • characteristics,　503-504
  • computational investigations and predictions,　522-524
  • definition,　503-
  • detection,　524-527
  • functional groups,　505-506
  • homemade explosives/terrorism,　507-508,514-515,516,522,524,527
  • peroxide characteristics,　505506
  • traditional versus new explosives,　504-505
  • see also peroxide-based explosives
  • highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO), scene photooxygenation,　25-27,28
  • high-level disinfectants,　719,725-728
  • high-molecular weigh gem-dihydroperoxides, safety and regulation,　88
  • high oxidation state molybdenum/vanadium complexes, reductive eliminations of singlet oxygens,　321-322
  • high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), lipid peroxidation,　755-757
  • high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), lipid peroxidation,　755,756,758-759
  • histidine, hydrogen peroxide effects,　740
  • HMEs see homemade explosives
  • HMS see sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate
  • β-HMX (octogen/cyclo-tetramethylene tetranitramine),　504,505,509,511,515,524
  • HO2 elimination barriers, alkylperoxy radicals, combustion reactions,　670-677
  • HO see heme oxygenase
  • Hock-type cleavage
  • photooxidized vinyl tungsten complexes,　337
  • silver ion-substituted lipid hydroperoxides,　548,550
  • homemade explosives (HMEs) detection,　524-527
  • organic peroxides,　507,516,522,524
  • see also terrorism
  • homeostasis, heme oxygenase, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-810
  • HOMO see highest occupied molecular orbitals
  • homoallyl pyrazolylborato dioxo tungsten complexes, metallo-ene reactions at olefins,　335-336
  • homolytic elimination-recombinations, organic compound ozonizations, hydrotrioxide formation,　139,141
  • host-guest complexes, scene endoperoxides,　74-81
  • HPLC see high-performance liquid chromatography
  • HPMF see hydroperoxymethyl formate
  • HPTLC see high-performance thin-layer chromatography
  • HTOs see hydrotrioxides
  • hybrid density function methods, peroxyl radical formation energetics,　637
  • hydrated γ-aluminas, organic peroxide interactions,　445
  • hydrated inorganic solids, surface-mediated peroxide reactions,　451-459
  • hydrochloric acid, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　96,105
  • hydrogen atom transfers (HAT), galactose oxidase,　816
  • hydrogen-bonded complexes, hydrotrioxy radicals,　137-138
  • hydrogen peroxide
  • acetal additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　92-93,95,102-103
  • acetophenone additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　93
  • activators,　726
  • adamantane additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　95,100,102
  • aliphatic aldehyde additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　94
  • antimicrobial activity,　720-722
  • antimicrobial applications,　722-738
  • aryl aldehyde additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　94
  • bacterial spores,　715,725,728
  • boiling points,　729-730
  • bonding strengths,　8-9
  • carbonyl additions
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　90-102
  • Brønsted acid-catalyzed,　96-97,98-99
  • Lewis acid-catalyzed,　97-102
  • uncatalyzed,　90-96
  • concentration,　723-725,727
  • condensations,　728-729,730-731
  • cycloalkanone additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　92
  • dilutions,　723-725
  • disinfection and sterilization applications,　713,722-738
  • atmospheric applications,　731-734
  • benefits,　720-722
  • concentrations,　723-725,727
  • formulations,　725-728
  • gas,　728-738
  • liquid formulations,　723-728
  • mechanisms of action,　738-741
  • plasma systems,　735-737
  • resistance mechanisms,　742-744
  • vacuum applications,　731,734-737
  • disproportionations
  • metal peroxo complexes,　322-326
  • molybdenum peroxides,　322-324
  • enol ether additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　102-103
  • evaporation,　729-730
  • explosives,　507527
  • formation, anthraquinone process,　232
  • formulations,　725-728
  • gas
  • atmospheric applications,　731-734
  • disinfection and sterilization,　728-738
  • interaction with water,　729-730
  • safety,　731
  • saturation,　730
  • vacuum applications,　731,734-737
  • historical medicinal uses,　713-715
  • in vivo imaging,　700-706
  • ketone acetal additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　92,112-115
  • overproduction,　700
  • peracetic acid,　722-723
  • physical chemistry,　729-731
  • plasmas,　735-737
  • reactive species,　738
  • singlet oxygen generation
  • calcium salts,　325-327
  • metal peroxo complexes,　322-326
  • molybdenum peroxides,　322-324
  • solid surface reactivity,　459-466
  • alumina surfaces,　459-460
  • hydrotalcite surfaces,　460-463
  • tin-containing zeolite surfaces,　463-464
  • vapor pressure,　729-730
  • hydrogen polyoxides, hyperconjugation bonding strengths,　9
  • hydrogen shift and HO2 elimination barriers, alkylperoxy radical combustion,　670-677
  • hydrogen-1 spectra
  • hydrotrioxides,　143146
  • open-chain organic trioxides,　158-159
  • hydrogen sulfide, thiosulfurous acid formation,　286-287
  • hydrogen tetroxide,　198,200-230
  • cross-recombinations,　221-222
  • formation and decay mechanisms,　204-222
  • peroxy radical recombination mechanisms,　204-222
  • analysis,　207-214
  • dimerizations,　208-214
  • potential energy surfaces,　204-207
  • Raman spectroscopy,　202,203
  • structures,　202-204
  • thermochemistry,　202-204
  • vibrational spectroscopy,　202,203
  • hydrogen trioxide,　127-132
  • Brønsted acid catalysis,　131-132
  • generation,　128129
  • properties,　129-130
  • self-association,　131
  • hydrolysis
  • gem-dihydroperoxides,　119
  • double activatable prodrugs,　696,700-701
  • hydroperoxide nucleophiles, methyl formate product branching,　566
  • hydroperoxides
  • chiral, stereoselective synthesis,　330,332
  • generation, tryptophan oxidations, singlet molecular oxygens,　788-791
  • lipid, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　773-787
  • oxygen-18-labeled singlet molecular oxygen generation
  • cardiolipin-derived,　782-787
  • cholesterol-derived,　779-782,783-784
  • linoleic acid-derived,　775-779
  • silica-supported,　485,487-488
  • singlet molecular oxygen generation,　773-787
  • stannyl, synthetic applications,　331,333
  • see also organic hydroperoxides
  • 4-hydroperoxy-1,2-dioxolanes, synthesis, gem-dihydroperoxide acylations,　118
  • hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acids, negative ion electrospray ionization,　548-549
  • 1-hydroperoxy-1'-hydroxydialkyl peroxides (HHPs), synthesis, carbonyl/gem-dihydroperoxide additions,　106-109
  • hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2・)
  • alkylperoxy radical reactions, troposphere,　656-666
  • bimolecular decay,　200-202
  • disproportionation,　207-208
  • lipid peroxidation,　748
  • recombination, kinetics,　201-202
  • trimolecular decay,　201
  • hydroperoxymethyl formate (HPMF), Criegee intermediates participation,　594-595
  • hydroperoxy sulfanes, type II sulfide photooxygenation intermediates,　249-254
  • hydroperoxy sulfonium salts, type II sulfide photooxygenation intermediates,　249-254
  • hydroperoxy sulfonium ylides, type II sulfide photooxygenation intermediates,　231,237,249-254
  • hydrotalcite surfaces, hydrogen peroxide reactions,　460-463
  • hydrotetroxides see hydrogen tetroxide
  • hydrotrioxides (HTOs)
  • acetone adducts,　147
  • chemiluminescence,　150
  • decompositions,　143-155
  • acid-catalyzed,　147-148
  • amine-catalyzed,　147-148
  • kinetics,　151-155
  • retaining trioxide moiety,　143-147
  • thermal,　148-155
  • electronically excited states,　150-151
  • free radical generation,　149-150
  • singlet oxygen generation,　150-151
  • synthesis,　138-143,144-146
  • dry ozonization,　141-142
  • yield,　142-143,144-145
  • thermal decomposition,　148-155
  • activation parameters,　153-155
  • kinetics,　151-155
  • triplet states,　150-151
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　131-138
  • acidity,　137-138
  • atmospheric conditions,　131-133
  • formation enthalpy,　136-137
  • geometric parameters,　134-135
  • isotopomers,　133-136
  • spectral identification,　133-134
  • thermodynamics,　136-137
  • vibrational predissociation,　136-137
  • hydroxide nucleophiles, methyl formate product branching,　566
  • hydroxocobalamin, reductions, sulfoxylic acids,　277-278
  • 3β-hydroxycholest-4-ene-6α-hydroperoxide (6α-OOH), synthesis,　781,782
  • 3β-hydroxycholest-4-ene-6β-hydroperoxide (6β-OOH), synthesis,　781,782
  • 3β-hydroxycholest-5-ene-7α-hydroperoxide (7α-OOH), synthesis,　779-780
  • hydroxylations, alkanes, copper-peroxo complexes,　844-846
  • ortho-hydroxylations, phenols, dinuclear copper-O2 synthetic model systems,　831-833
  • hydroxyl radicals (・OH) alkylperoxy radical formation,　634
  • lipid peroxidation,　748
  • single-molecule/single particle detection
  • TiO2 nanotube photocatalytic reactions,　430-432
  • TiO2 photocatalytic reactions,　426-429
  • sources in atmosphere,　585,618-627
  • 3'(p-hydroxyphenyl)fluorescein (HPF), single-molecule hydroxyl radical detection,　427
  • hyperconjugation, hydrogen polyoxide bonding strengths,　9
  • hypochlorous acid (HOCl), neutrophils,　779
  • hypoxanthine-xanthine-oxidase (XOD), hydrogen trioxide generation,　128
  • hypoxic tumors, oxygenation, Vycor glass optical fiber systems,　694-696
  • ideal biocides, hydrogen peroxide comparisons,　721
  • identification
  • aromatic nitroso oxides,　377-380
  • open-chain organic trioxides,　158-159
  • imidogen oxidations, peroxy nitrene synthesis,　358
  • improvised explosive devices (IEDs) see homemade explosives; terrorism
  • inactivation of bacteria,　715-716,718
  • infection prevention
  • hydrogen peroxide,　713-746
  • Spaulding system,　719-720
  • see also antisepsis/antiseptics; disinfection
  • infrared (IR) absorption intensities of solvents, singlet oxygen lifetimes,　691
  • infrared (IR) spectroscopy
  • gem-dihydroperoxides,　89
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　133-134
  • peroxy nitrene,　362
  • infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD), protonated peroxides,　580-581
  • inorganic peroxides, surface-mediated reactions,　450-459
  • intermediate-level disinfectants,　719
  • internal standards, cellular DNA, oxygen-18-labeled 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine,　797-798
  • intracellular activation, deactivated photosensitizers,　696-700,701
  • intracellular signaling, heme oxygenase, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-810
  • intramolecular oxidative cyclizations, 1,6-enynes, 1,4-naphthoquinone synthesis,　850-851
  • intramolecular sensibilizations, aliphatic β-nitrenopropiophenone,　373
  • intrinsic mechanisms, bacterial hydrogen peroxide resistance,　742-743
  • in vivo imaging, hydrogen peroxide,　700-706
  • iodine, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　99-100,105
  • ion chemistry of gas-phase organic peroxides,　531-584
  • bimolecular,　554-572
  • unimolecular,　532-553
  • see also anions; cations
  • ionic additions, organic compound ozonizations, hydrotrioxide formation,　139-143
  • ionization
  • organic peroxides, gas-phase molecular ion formation and dissociation,　532-541,542-543
  • peroxyl radicals, gas-phases,　572-577
  • ionization potentials, substituted alkenes, singlet oxygen [2+2] cycloadditions,　685
  • ionized organic peroxides
  • bimolecular gas-phase chemistry acidity measurement,　568-570
  • chemical ionization,　570-572
  • nucleophilic reactions with neutral substrates,　565-568
  • unimolecular gas-phase chemistry,　532-553
  • contemporary approaches,　541,544-550
  • infrared multiple photon dissociation,　580-581
  • molecular ion formation and dissociation,　532-541,542-543
  • next generation approaches,　548,551-553
  • IR see infrared
  • iridium(I) complexes, oxidative additions, singlet oxygens,　315-317
  • iridium(I) thiolato complexes, oxidative additions, singlet oxygens,　316-317
  • IRMPD see infrared multiple photon dissociation
  • iron-tetrasulfophthalocyanine(FeTSPc)-catalyzed reductions, nitrite,　278
  • irreversible decay, tetroxides,　208-214
  • irreversible formation, acene endoperoxides,　22,62-68
  • irreversible photooxygenations, photochromic compounds, acene endoperoxides,　62-68
  • isoelectronic diatomic oxygens,　4-5
  • isoelectronic ozone, Criegee intermediate electronic structure comparison,　591
  • isolated 2'-deoxyribonucleosides, guanine oxidations,　790-796
  • isolation, dioxetanes,　684-685
  • isomerizations
  • aromatic nitroso oxide rate constants,　397,398
  • photochemical, borylnitrene,　385-386
  • isomers
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　133-136
  • peroxy nitrene,　359,365-366
  • tetroxides,　214-216
  • isonitrosyl hydroxide, gas-phase chemistry,　367-369
  • isoprene, ozonolysis, Criegee intermediate formation,　604-607
  • isotope labeling, alkyl hydroperoxides, base anion-induced ECO2 eliminations,　562-564
  • isotopic effects, organic tetroxide stability,　212
  • isotopomers, hydrotrioxy radicals,　133-136
  • α-ketoamides, synthesis, aryl acetaldehyde/aniline oxidative coupling,　848-49
  • ketone acetals, hydrogen peroxide additions, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　92,112-115
  • ketone-derived gem-dihydroperoxides
  • synthesis,　92,112-115
  • tetrasubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　113-115
  • 3,3,6-trisubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　112
  • kinetics
  • acene endoperoxide formation,　23-29
  • 4-aminophenylnitroso azide decay,　393
  • aromatic nitroso oxide decay, in solution,　386-400
  • fullerene ozonizations,　176-177
  • hydroperoxy radical recombinations,　201-202
  • hydrotrioxide thermal decompositions,　151-155
  • 4-methylphenylnitroso oxide decay,　393-394
  • phenylnitroso azide decays,　393
  • LA see linoleic acid
  • labile/metastable sulfur-based peroxides, 1,2-dioxatrisulfanes/thiaperoxide photooxygenations,　231-263
  • lanthanum(III) nitrate complexes, olefin oxidations with singlet oxygens,　324-325
  • layered double hydroxides (LDHs), singlet oxygen generation,　324
  • LDL see low-density lipoproteins
  • lead azide, primary explosive,　504,509,518
  • Lewis acids
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis, carbonyl/hydrogen peroxide additions,　97-102
  • Lewis acids (continued)
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis
  • gem-dihydroperoxides with carbonyls,　108-109
  • gem-dihydroperoxides with enol ethers/acetals,　109
  • lifetimes of singlet oxygens
  • cells,　691
  • solvent effects,　690-691
  • ligand interactions
  • singlet oxygens
  • carbon-carbon double bonds,　338-343
  • ene chemistry,　326-338
  • metal complexes,　326-350
  • thiolato ligands,　342-350
  • ligand switching, methyl hydroperoxide,　571-572
  • light-controlled drug release
  • heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes,　692-701
  • drugs from prodrugs,　696-701
  • liposomes,　692-693
  • sensitizers,　692-696
  • light-responsive liposomes
  • calcein release,　686
  • heteroatom-substituted dioxetane linkers,　686-688,692-693
  • vinyl diether linkers,　686-687
  • vinyl mono-amine monoether linkers,　686-687
  • linear tetroxides, decomposition, lipid hydroperoxides,　775
  • linoleic acid (LA) hydroperoxides, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　775-779
  • lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs)
  • biological systems,　747-767
  • charge localization,　548-549
  • determination, very high-performance methods,　755-759
  • detoxification,　754-755
  • generation,　748-749
  • one-electron reductions,　751-754
  • peroxyl/alkoxyl radical formation,　774
  • signal transduction,　762-764
  • silver ion-substituted, mass spectrometry,　548,550
  • singlet molecular oxygen generation,　773-787
  • translocation,　759-762
  • two-electron reductions,　754-755
  • see also cholesterol hydroperoxides; linoleic acid hydroperoxides; phospholipid hydroperoxides
  • lipid peroxides, oxygen-18 peroxides,　773-787
  • lipids
  • carbon-carbon double bond localization,　551,553
  • peroxidation,　741,748-749
  • lipoperoxyl radicals (LOO・s), lipid hydroperoxide one-electron reduction,　752
  • lipoproteins
  • cholesteryl esters,　748,750
  • nonesterified cholesterol,　750
  • liposome-containing bacteriochlorin, irradiation-controlled calcein release,　686
  • liposomes, phototriggered compound release,　686-688,692-693
  • lipoxygenase (LOX), lipid peroxidation,　748,749
  • lipoxyl radicals (LO・s), lipid hydroperoxides one-electron reduction,　751-752
  • lone electron pairs (LP)
  • peroxide stability,　197-200,214-216
  • repulsion, dialkoxy disulfides,　295
  • LOOHs see lipid hydroperoxides
  • low-density lipoproteins (LDL), cholesterol,　750
  • lower atmospheric chemistry
  • alkene ozonolysis,　585-586,597-610
  • alkylperoxy radicals, computational methods,　633-682
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediates
  • formation,　585-586,597-610
  • quantum chemical studies,　585-632
  • reactivity,　610-627
  • stabilization and hydroxyl radical formation,　618-627
  • unimolecular reactivity,　610-618
  • isoprene oxidation chemistry,　604
  • primary ozonides
  • cycloreversion to Criegee intermediate,　586,597-598,599,602-603,606,607
  • formation by alkene ozonolysis,　586,597
  • stabilized Criegee intermediate reactions,　618-627
  • sulfuric acid aerosols,　618
  • see also troposphere
  • lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMO), singlet oxygens, scene photooxygenation,　25-26,28
  • low-level disinfectants,　719
  • low-molecular weight gem-dihydroperoxides, safety and regulations,　88-89
  • low-temperature combustion
  • alkylperoxy radicals, computational methods,　633-682
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate formation,　592,595
  • definition,　634
  • ethers, Criegee intermediate participation,　592-597
  • low-temperature sterilization, hydrogen peroxide gas systems,　734-735
  • LOX see lipoxygenase
  • luminescent probes
  • hydrogen peroxide, aggregation-enhanced fluorescent nanoprobes,　706
  • singlet oxygens, remote anthracine ligands,　341-343
  • see also chemiluminescence
  • LUMO see lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals
  • lysine, peroxycarbamate substitutions, peptide structure elucidation,　544,547
  • [M + H]+ see pseudo-molecular cations
  • M (multireference character metric), complete-active-space self-consistent field calculation,　634
  • [M - H]- see pseudo-molecular anions
  • magnesium monoperoxyphthalic acid (MMPP), surface-mediated peroxide reactions,　450,457-459
  • magnetic silica nanoparticles, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　97,99,105
  • manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • mass spectrometers, surface reactivity,　532-533
  • mass spectrometry
  • carbon-carbon double bond localization, unsaturated lipids,　551,553
  • gem-dihydroperoxides,　89
  • even-electron rule, protein structure elucidation,　544547
  • ionization
  • contemporary approaches,　544-550
  • next generation approaches,　548,551-553
  • principles,　532-541
  • unimolecular organic peroxides,　532-553
  • lipid hydroperoxides, silver ion-substituted,　548,550
  • peptide structure elucidation, lysine peroxycarbamate adducts,　544,547
  • polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxides,　548,549
  • matrix isolation, aromatic nitroso oxides,　377-380
  • MCG3/3 (MCG3), multicoefficient correlation method, molecular quantum chemistry,　636
  • mechanical sensitivity, high energy dense materials,　504,509,516
  • mechanisms of action, hydrogen peroxide in disinfection and sterilization,　742-744
  • mechanistic studies, acene endoperoxide formation,　29-32
  • MEKP see methyl ethyl ketone peroxide
  • MEL see melatonin
  • melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine/MEL), N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxy-kynurenine synthesis,　790-791
  • membranes
  • cytochrome c oxidase,　820-821
  • hydrogen peroxide effects,　741
  • lipid peroxidation effects,　748,749,751-752
  • metal centers, singlet oxygen chemistry,　309-326
  • metal complexes
  • singlet oxygen reactions,　307-356
  • eliminations,　319-322
  • generation
  • hydrogen peroxide disproportionation,　322-326
  • molybdenum peroxides,　322-325
  • tungsten peroxides,　324
  • ligand interactions,　326-350
  • carbon-carbon double bonds,　338-343
  • ene chemistry,　326-338
  • thiolato ligands,　342-350
  • oxidative additions,　314-320
  • followed by migratory insertions,　318-320
  • iridium(I) complexes,　315-317
  • rhodium(I) complexes,　315-317
  • physical deactivation,　309-314
  • cobalt complexes,　311-313
  • gold(I) thiolato complexes,　312-314
  • nickel(II) thiolato complexes,　309-311
  • vitamin B12 derivatives,　311-313
  • metallo-ene reactions
  • singlet oxygens allylsilanes,　331-334
  • allyl tin compounds,　327-332
  • metal complexes,　326-338
  • olefinic ligands in tungsten complexes,　334-337
  • platinum-bound allene ligands,　337-338
  • metal oxide cations, selective oxygen transfers, organic substrates,　554-560
  • metal-peroxo complexes
  • antioxidant control mechanisms,　808-809
  • bioinorganic chemistry,　808-810,811-812
  • bioinspired approaches,　810-811
  • biosynthesis,　808-809
  • heme oxygenase,　808-810
  • molecular oxygen formation,　808-809
  • molecular oxygen transport,　808-809
  • oxidation catalysis,　808-809
  • respiration,　808-809
  • singlet oxygen generation,　322-326
  • metastable ion mass spectrometry, organic peroxides,　533
  • methionine, hydrogen peroxide effects,　740
  • 8-methoxyguanine, oxidations, singlet molecular oxygens,　795,796
  • 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene see isoprene
  • methylene blue, 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　386
  • methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP), explosive,　521-522,523
  • methyl formate, hydroxide/hydroperoxide nucleophile product branching,　566
  • methylhydroperoxide, pseudo-molecular ion formation,　536-537
  • methyl hydroperoxides
  • base anion-induced ECO2 eliminations,　563-565
  • ligand switching, chemical ionization,　571-572
  • methyl ketones, aliphatic gern-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　91
  • methylnitrate, photolysis, nitroso oxide generation,　376
  • methylperoxide molecular anions, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　539
  • 4-methylphenylnitroso oxide, decay kinetics,　393-394
  • methyltrioxorhenium (MTO)
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　100,102,105
  • hydrotrioxide decompositions,　146-147
  • methylviologen (MV), dication reductions, sulfoxylic acids,　276-277
  • microbial toxins, hydrogen peroxide gas,　729
  • microbiocides, definition,　716
  • microorganisms
  • classifications,　717-719
  • control
  • general concepts,　716-720
  • hydrogen peroxide,　713-746
  • Spaulding system,　719-720
  • resistance mechanisms,　742-744
  • types,　717-719
  • migratory insertions, metal complexes, following singlet oxygen additions,　318-320
  • military explosives
  • characteristics,　504,505
  • organic peroxide unsuitability,　507-508,511,514-515,518
  • milk, hydrogen peroxide treatment,　723-724
  • mitochondrial membranes, cytochrome c oxidase,　820-821
  • mixed trioxides, organic compound oxidations,　171-172
  • MMPP see magnesium monoperoxyphthalic acid
  • Mn-SOD see manganese superoxide dismutase
  • molecular ions, formation, gas-phases,　532-541,542-543
  • molecular orbitals, molecular oxygens, hydrogen/water interactions,　806-808
  • molecular oxygens
  • activation
  • amine oxidase,　812,813
  • copper metalloenzymes,　810-821
  • copper-zinc superoxide dismutase,　812,821
  • coupled dinuclear copper enzymes,　812,816-818,819
  • cytochrome c oxidase,　812,818-821,822,834-840
  • dinuclear copper-dioxygen synthetic model systems,　829-832,833-834
  • dopamine β-monooxygenase,　812,816,843-846
  • fiavonol 2,4-dioxygenase,　812,813,814,848
  • galactose oxidase,　812,813-816,841-843
  • hemocyanin,　812,816-818
  • heterometallic copper-metal enzymes,　812,818-821,833-840
  • mononuclear copper enzymes,　812,813-816,823-828
  • particulate methane monooxygenase,　812,818,843-846
  • peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase,　812,816-817,843-846
  • principles,　806-808
  • tyrosinase, copper-peroxo complexes,　812,816-818,819,831-833,846-848
  • uncoupled dinuclear copper enzymes,　812,816-817
  • unsymmetrical copper-O2-Metal systems,　833-840
  • bond strengths,　3-4
  • dication bonding,　8
  • electronic configuration,　3-4
  • formation, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • isoelectronic species,　4-5
  • photochemical insertions, platinum-carbon bonds,　318-319
  • photosynthesis, spin states,　806-808
  • radical recombinations
  • activation barriers,　637-645
  • well depths,　646-656
  • respiration, spin states,　806-808
  • reversible binding, polycyclic aromatic compounds,　772
  • spin,　3-4,806-808
  • sulfimide reductions,　282-283
  • transport, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • see also singlet oxygens; tetra-atomic oxygens; triplet oxygens
  • molecular quantum chemistry
  • alkylperoxy radicals,　635-636
  • see also quantum chemical studies
  • molecular switches, arene endoperoxides,　68-69
  • molybdate-exchanged hydroxides, singlet oxygen generation,　324
  • molybdenum complexes, high oxidation states, reductive eliminations,　321-322
  • molybdenum(VI) complexes, singlet oxygens, reductive eliminations,　321-322
  • molybdenum(VI)-cumene hydroperoxide system, alkene epoxidations,　170-171
  • molybdenum peroxides, hydrogen peroxide disproportionations,　322-324
  • mononuclear copper enzymes
  • biological processes,　812,813-816
  • synthetic model systems,　823-828
  • mononuclear copper(III)-peroxo complexes,　823-825
  • mononuclear copper(II)-superoxo complexes,　823-825
  • mono-oxygenase-type reactions, bioinspired copper catalytic systems,　843-851
  • mouse tumor models, photodynamic prodrugs,　700,702-704
  • MP4(SDQ) theory, carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate study methods,　589,591
  • MPW1K hybrid density function method, peroxy radical formation energetics,　637
  • MR see multireference calculations
  • MTO see methyltrioxorhenium
  • multicoefficient correlation methods, molecular quantum chemistry,　636
  • multireference character metric (M), complete-active-space self-consistent field calculation,　634
  • multireference (MR) calculations, carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediate electronic structure,　589,592,602
  • myeloperoxidase, hypochlorous acid generation,　779
  • NAD+ see nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
  • nanomaterials/nanoprobes
  • hydrogen peroxide-sensing,　704-707
  • magnetic silica nanoparticles,　97,99,105
  • reactive oxygen species generation,　421-422
  • single-molecule/single-particle hydroxyl radical detection,　430-432
  • 1,4-naphthoquinones, synthesis, 1,6-enyne intramolecular oxidative cyclization,　850-851
  • napthalene endoperoxides, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　770-773
  • natural products, enantiomeric synthesis, side-on μ-η2-η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) cores,　846-847
  • near-infrared irradiation, drug delivery, heteroatom-substituted dioxetane linkers,　688-700
  • negative ion chemical ionization (NICI) mass spectrometry, organic hydroperoxides,　539,541-543
  • negative ion electrospray ionization, lipid hydroperoxides,　548-549
  • negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy (NIPES), artemisinin,　579-580
  • neutralization-reionization mass spectrometry, organic hydroperoxides,　533,536
  • neutrophils, hypochlorous acid,　779
  • next generation approaches, mass spectrometry ionizations,　548,551-553
  • NICI see negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry
  • nickel(II) bis(thiolato) complexes
  • singlet oxygens
  • physical deactivation of oxygens,　309-311
  • products and mechanisms,　343-344
  • nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), sulfinate adduct formation,　281-282
  • NIPES see negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy
  • nitric oxide, alkylperoxy radical reactions in troposphere,　656
  • nitrile oxides, dimerizations,　12-13
  • nitriles, [3+2]-cycloadditions, nitroso oxides,　408-409
  • nitrite
  • iron-tetrasulfophthalocyanine-catalyzed reductions, dithionate/sulfoxylate,　278
  • sulfoxylic acid reactions,　277
  • nitrogen containing compounds, explosive characteristics,　505-506
  • nitrogen oxides, bonding strengths,　9-10
  • nitrogen substitution, alkenes, derived dioxetane effects,　685,686,689
  • 4-nitrophenyl azide
  • photolysis,　385
  • photooxidations
  • nitroso oxides,　386-391
  • retention/scrambling pathways,　389-390
  • nitrosobenzenes
  • deoxygenations,　372-373
  • phosphorous(III) compounds,　395
  • formation, 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　388-391
  • nitroso compounds, oxygen atom transfer reactions,　415-416
  • nitroso oxides,　357-420
  • antibonding σ*-orbitals,　363
  • aromatic,　369-416
  • decay reactions,　380-403
  • generation,　372-376
  • identification,　377-380
  • low-temperature decay,　380-386
  • oxygen atom transfer reactions,　411-416
  • nitroso compounds,　415-416
  • phosphorus(III) compounds,　411-413
  • sulfides/sulfoxides,　414-415
  • solution-phase chemistry,　386-400
  • spectral properties,　377-380
  • bond distances,　363-365
  • chemistry,　358-369
  • nitroso oxides, (continued)
  • [3+2]-cycloadditions
  • carbonyl groups,　409-411
  • nitriles,　408-409
  • olefins,　403-408
  • organic compounds,　403-411
  • electronic excited states,　363-365
  • generation,　372-376,386-388
  • geometric parameters, electronically excited states,　364
  • ground state natural orbitals,　361,362-363
  • infrared spectra,　362
  • isomers,　359,365-366,398
  • organic compound reactivity,　403-416
  • oxygen atom transfer reactions,　411-416
  • nitroso compounds,　415-416
  • phosphorus(III) compounds,　411-413
  • sulfides/sulfoxides,　414-415
  • parent molecule chemistry,　358-369
  • relative energies of states,　366
  • thermal transformations, solution-phase,　391-398
  • unimolecular transformations,　366-369
  • nitrous oxide, reductions, sulfoxylic acids,　277
  • NMR see nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
  • nonenzymatic antioxidants,　754
  • nonenzymatic lipid peroxidation,　748-749
  • nonesterified cholesterol (Ch), peroxidation,　749-751
  • nonpolar solvents, hydrogen trioxide,　131
  • nonstatistical product dynamics, alkyl hydroperoxide base anion-induced ECO2 eliminations,　562-564
  • nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), light-controlled prodrugs,　696,698-699
  • nonsymmetrical 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes
  • synthesis
  • Brønsted acid-catalyzed,　106-108
  • gem-dihydroperoxide conversions,　106-115
  • with acetals,　109-110
  • with carbonyls,　106-109
  • comparison of methods,　111-115
  • with enol ethers,　109-110
  • platinum anodes,　110
  • Lewis acid-promoted,　108-110
  • nonterminating pathways, tetroxide decay,　200,208-214
  • NSAIDs see nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
  • nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
  • gem-dihydroperoxides,　89
  • hydrogen trioxide,　129,130-131
  • hydrotrioxides,　143,146
  • α-nucleophilic peroxide anions, gas-phase, interactions with neutral substrates,　565-568
  • nucleotides, hydrogen peroxide effects,　739-740
  • 1O2 see singlet oxygens
  • octogen see β-HMX
  • OEC see oxygen evolving center
  • ・OH see hydroxyl radical
  • olefins
  • [3+2]-cycloadditions, nitroso oxides,　403-408
  • oxidations, lanthanum(III) nitrate complexes,　324-325
  • ozonolysis, trioxolane formation,　222
  • tungsten complex ligands, metallo-ene reactions,　334-337
  • one-electron reductions, lipid hydroperoxides,　751-754
  • open-chain organic trioxides,　155-172
  • carbon-13 spectra,　158-159
  • chemiluminescence,　160-162
  • dialkyl/diaralkyl,　155-166
  • hydrogen-I spectra,　158-159
  • molybdenum(VI)-cumene hydroperoxide system,　170-171
  • organometallic,　166-172
  • simulations,　163-164
  • synthesis,　156-158,166-172
  • thermal decompositions,　158-163
  • activation parameters,　159-160
  • chemiluminescence,　160-162
  • ozone chain decomposition,　162-163
  • optical fiber systems, photosensitizer delivery,　694-696,697
  • organic compounds
  • [3+2]-cycloadditions, nitroso oxides,　403-411
  • 1,3-dipolar insertions, ozone, hydrotrioxide formation,　139-141
  • homolytic elimination-recombinations, ozone, hydrotrioxide formation,　139141
  • nitroso oxide reactivity,　403-416
  • oxidations
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　131-138
  • mixed trioxides,　171-172
  • ozonizations, hydrotrioxide formation,　138-143,779-780,14422
  • radical additions, ozone, hydrotrioxide formation,　139-143
  • organic hydroperoxides
  • alkyl,　116,533,558-565
  • allyl,　330-332
  • chiral,　330-332
  • cumyl,　536,538
  • lipid-derived,　548-549,747-767,775-784
  • methyl,　563-565,571-572
  • negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry,　539,541-543
  • neutralization-reionization mass spectrometry,　533,536
  • α-nucleophilic activity with neutral substrates,　565-568
  • protein-derived,　788-791
  • tryptophan-derived,　788-789
  • see also alkyl hydroperoxides; cholesterol hydroperoxides; cholesteryl ester hydroperoxides; hydroperoxides; lipid hydroperoxides; phospholipid hydroperoxides
  • organic peroxide explosives see peroxide-based explosives
  • organic peroxides
  • acidity measurement, gas-phases,　568-570
  • chemical ionization mass spectrometry, bimolecular reactions,　570-572
  • explosives,　507-522
  • gas-phases
  • bimolecular ion chemistry,　554-572
  • acidity measurements,　568-570
  • base-induced ECO2 eliminations,　560-565
  • chemical ionization mass spectrometry,　570-572
  • neutral peroxide-ion interactions,　554-565
  • nucleophilic peroxide reactions with neutral substrates,　565-568
  • transition metal cation interactions,　554-560
  • distonic peroxyl radical synthesis,　573-577
  • infrared multiple photon dissociation,　580-581
  • ion chemistry,　531-584
  • peroxyl radicals,　572-577
  • photodetachment,　577-580
  • unimolecular ion chemistry,　532-553
  • contemporary approaches,　541,544-550
  • infrared multiple photon dissociation,　580-581
  • molecular ion formation and dissociation,　532-541,54213
  • next generation approaches,　548,551-553
  • infrared multiple photon dissociation, gas-phases,　580-581
  • ion chemistry, gas-phases,　531-584
  • ionization
  • mass spectrometry
  • contemporary approaches,　541,544-550
  • molecular ion formation and dissociation,　532-541,54213
  • next generation approaches,　548,551-553
  • lipid-derived,　741,748-749,752,773-787
  • oxygen-18 labeled,　769-804
  • photodetachment, gas-phases,　577-580
  • polymer-supported,　467-478
  • protonated, infrared multiple photon dissociation,　580-581
  • secondary explosives,　507-508,514-515
  • selective oxygen transfers, metal oxide cations,　554-560
  • solid-supported,　466-488
  • see also alkyl peroxides; copper peroxides; dialkyl peroxides; dimethylperoxide; endoperoxides; hydrogen peroxide; ionized organic peroxides; peroxy nitrenes; triacetone triperoxide;
  • organic solvents, hydrogen trioxide,　131
  • organic sulfides, photooxidations,　342-343
  • organic tetroxides
  • peroxy radical recombination mechanisms,　197-200,207-230
  • analysis,　207-214
  • dimerizations,　208-214
  • solvent effects,　211
  • structure and thermochemistry,　214-216
  • substituent effects,　209-212
  • self-induced homolysis,　197-200,214-216,218-221
  • organic transformations, copper-peroxo system-catalyzed,　841-851
  • organic trioxides,　125-196
  • cyclic,　171-186
  • fullerene ozonides,　175-186
  • thermal decomposition,　184-186
  • transannular ozonides,　174-175
  • 1,2,3-trioxolanes,　171-174,179-184
  • dialkyl/diaralkyl,　155-166
  • fluorinated dialkyl trioxides,　164-166
  • hydrogen trioxide,　127-132
  • hydrotrioxides,　138-155
  • decompositions,　143-155
  • synthesis,　138-143,144-146
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　131-138
  • isomers,　133-136
  • thermodynamics,　136-137
  • open-chain,　155-172
  • carbon-13/hydrogen-1 spectra,　158-159
  • dialkyl/diaralkyl,　155-166
  • fluorinated,　164-166
  • organometallic,　166-172
  • simulations,　163-164
  • synthesis,　156-158,166-172
  • thermal decomposition,　158-163
  • organocupric-peroxo complexes, catalytic oxygenase-type reactions,　848-849
  • organometallic trioxides,　166-172
  • synthesis
  • aluminum tert-butoxide,　166-168
  • organometallic trioxides (continued)
  • d-metal acetylacetonate complexes,　169-171
  • d-metal alkoxides,　168-169
  • ortho-catechols, synthesis, tyrosinase-catalyzed phenol oxidations　816-819
  • ortho-cyclizations, arylnitroso oxides,　398-400
  • ortho-quinones, synthesis, tyrosinase-catalyzed phenol oxidations　816-819
  • O-substituted diazeniumdiolates
  • photolysis, nitroso oxides,　374
  • thermal transformations,　391-393
  • overproduction of hydrogen peroxide,　700
  • oxadisulfanes, dioxatrisulfane distinction,　231
  • oxidase-type reactions, synthetic galactose oxidase-type copper systems,　841-843
  • oxidations
  • biomolecules, neutrophils,　779
  • cholesterol, hydroperoxide synthesis,　779-782
  • cumene, hydrotrioxide formation,　140
  • cyclohexane, copper-peroxo complexes,　845-846
  • cytochrome P450, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • DNA, oxygen-18 peroxides,　790-798
  • double activatable prodrugs,　696,700-701
  • flavonol, carbon monoxide/depside formation,　813,814
  • germanes, hydrotrioxide formation,　140-141,146
  • guanine,　790-796
  • hydrogen peroxide,　721-722
  • melatonin, N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5- methoxykynurenine synthesis,　790-791
  • 8-methoxyguanine, singlet molecular oxygens,　795796
  • organic compounds
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　131-138
  • mixed trioxides,　171-172
  • 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, singlet molecular oxygens,　793-795
  • peroxalate nanoparticles, hydrogen peroxide sensing,　706
  • peroxide intermediates, organic trioxides,　125-196
  • phenolates, trans-peroxo dicopper(II) complexes,　833-834
  • phenols, tyrosinase,　816-819
  • plasmenylcholine, singlet oxygens,　692-693
  • silanes, hydrotrioxide formation,　140-141,146
  • thioureas, oxyhalogens,　278-279
  • tosylhydrazones, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　104
  • triphenylmethane, hydrotrioxide formation,　140
  • triplet nitrenes,　372-376
  • tryptophan, hydroperoxide generation,　788-791
  • water, antibodies,　128
  • oxidative activation, perbenzoates, benzene-ring directed,　541543
  • oxidative additions with singlet oxygens
  • iridium(I) complexes,　315-317
  • metal complexes,　314-320
  • rhodium(I) complexes,　315-317
  • oxidative coupling, aryl acetaldehydes, anilines, α-ketoamide synthesis,　848-849
  • oxidative cyclizations, 1,6-enynes, 1,4-naphthoquinone synthesis,　850-851
  • oxidative damage reporters, membranes and lipoproteins,　751
  • oxidative stress
  • defenses,　754
  • lipid peroxidation,　748,749,751
  • oxidized water,　713-715
  • see also hydrogen peroxide
  • bis-(μ-oxo)-dicopper(III) complexes,　830-833
  • 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine
  • formation, cellular DNA,　795-797
  • oxidations, singlet molecular oxygens,　793-795
  • oxygen-18-labeled, as internal standard in cellular DNA,　797-798
  • oxo-sulfur species, polarography,　279-280
  • oxo walls, singlet oxygen additions to iridium(I)/rhodium(I) complexes,　316
  • oxy-acrylates, derived dioxetane properties,　686,689
  • oxygen
  • concentrations in blood, tissue and solid tumors,　691
  • dimerization,　3-4
  • reversible binding, polycyclic aromatic compounds,　772
  • spin states,　2-8
  • see also molecular oxygens; singlet oxygens; tetra-atomic oxygens
  • oxygen-17 spectra, hydrotrioxides,　143,146
  • oxygen-18-labeled anthracene endoperoxides, synthesis,　773
  • oxygen-18-labeled cardiolipin hydroperoxides, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　782-787
  • oxygen-18-labeled cholesterol hydroperoxides, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　779-782,783-784
  • oxygen-18-labeled 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine, cellular DNA, as an internal standard,　797-798
  • oxygen-18-labeled singlet molecular oxygen generation
  • cholesterol hydroperoxides,　779-782,783-784
  • endoperoxides,　772-773
  • linoleic acid hydroperoxides,　775-779
  • oxygen-18 peroxides,　769-804
  • biochemical applications,　773-798
  • DNA oxidations,　790-798
  • lipids,　773-787
  • proteins,　788-791
  • synthesis,　770-773
  • oxygenations, hypoxic tumors, Vycor glass optical fiber systems,　694-696
  • oxygen atom transfers
  • aromatic nitroso oxides,　411-416
  • nitroso compounds,　415-416
  • phosphorus(III) compounds,　411-413
  • sulfides/sulfoxides,　414-415
  • nitroso oxides,　415-416
  • organic substrates, transition metal-catalyzed,　554-560
  • to alkenes/heteroatoms, gem-dihydroperoxides,　120-121
  • oxygen-containing compounds, explosive characteristics,　506
  • oxygen evolving center (OEC), photosystem II metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • oxygen ions, bonding strengths,　6-8
  • oxygen-oxygen bonds
  • activation, transition metal cations,　554-560
  • bond dissociation energies,　14,551
  • bond strengths,　14-16
  • cleavage
  • arene endoperoxides
  • photocleavage,　45-46
  • thermal cleavage,　34-36
  • formation, 1,2-dioxatrisulfanes/thiaperoxides,　232
  • homolysis, acetylbenzoyl peroxide,　544-545
  • oxygen substitutions, alkenes, derived dioxetane effects,　685,686,689
  • oxygen transport, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • oxyhalogens, sulfoxylate/bisulfite reaction rate constants,　15
  • ozone (O3)
  • adsorption, solid surfaces,　447-449
  • bond strengths,　5
  • carbonyl substitutions, tetroxolane formation,　222-224
  • chain decomposition, open-chain organic trioxides,　162-163
  • Criegee intermediate electronic structure comparison,　591
  • cycloadditions to alkene, primary ozonide formation,　586,597
  • decompositions, solid surfaces,　449-450
  • 1,3-dipolar insertions, organic compounds,　139-141
  • electronic configuration,　5
  • homolytic elimination-recombinations, organic compounds,　139,141
  • ionic additions, organic compounds,　139-143
  • lipid peroxidation,　748,749
  • olefin substitutions, trioxolane formation,　222
  • primary ozonide formation,　586,597
  • radical additions, organic compounds,　139-143
  • solid surface interactions,　446-450
  • spin states,　5
  • ozonides, bonding strengths,　12-13
  • ozonizations
  • adamantanes,　141-142
  • fullerenes,　176-179
  • organic compounds,　138-143,779-780,144-146
  • ozonolysis
  • alkenes
  • Criegee intermediate formation,　585-586,597-610
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　103-104
  • primary ozonide formation,　586,597
  • tetroxolane formation,　222-224
  • trans-2-butene, Criegee intermediate formation,　602-604
  • 1,2-dimethyldiazene,　375-376
  • enol ethers, getn-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　103-104
  • ethene, Criegee intermediate formation,　599-602
  • isoprene, Criegee intermediate formation,　604-607
  • olefins, trioxolane formation,　222
  • unsaturated lipids,　551,553
  • P see detonation pressure
  • palladium(II) bis(thiolato) complexes, singlet oxygen reactions,　343,344-345
  • parasitic worms (helminths),　719
  • para-substituted phenylnitroso oxides, structures,　370-372
  • particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO)
  • dioxygen activations,　812,818
  • synthetic catalytic systems,　843-846
  • PAs see proton affinities
  • pasteurization, definition,　716
  • pathogenic, definition,　716
  • PBEs see peroxide-based explosives
  • PCET see proton-coupled electron transfer
  • PDT see photodynamic therapy
  • pentaoxygen ions, bonding,　6
  • pentathionate, degradation, sulfoxylic acid involvement,　281
  • peptide structure elucidation,　544,547
  • peptidylglycine a-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM)
  • peptidylglycine a-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) (continued)
  • dioxygen activations,　812,816-817,843-846
  • synthetic catalytic systems,　843-846
  • peracetic acid, preparations,　722-723
  • peracids, polymer-supported,　467-476
  • perbenzoate molecular anions, dissociation pathways,　541,543
  • perbenzoates, oxidative activation, benzene-ring directed,　541,543
  • perepoxide, rearrangements, dioxolane formation,　329-330
  • perfluoroaryl halides, sulfoxylic acid reactivity,　284-285
  • performance characteristics, high energy dense materials,　503-504,509,519,522-524
  • perhydrolysis, acetals/enol ethers, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　102-103
  • peroxalate nanoparticles, hydrogen peroxide sensing,　704-706
  • peroxidation
  • cholesterol,　749-751
  • lipids,　748-751
  • peroxidations, polyunsaturated fatty acids,　773-774
  • peroxide anions
  • α-nucleophilic activity,　565-568
  • photodetachment,　577-580
  • peroxide-based explosives (PBEs),　507-522
  • computational investigations and predictions,　522-524
  • cyclic,　571
  • detection,　524-527
  • diacetone diperoxide,　515-517
  • hexamethylenetriperoxodiamine,　518-521
  • methyl ethyl ketone peroxide,　521-522
  • molecular properties,　505-507
  • tetramethylene diperoxide diamine
  • dialdehyde,　520
  • triacetone triperoxide,　508-515
  • peroxide intermediates, oxidations, organic trioxides,　125-196
  • peroxide ions, gas-phase
  • photochemistry/spectroscopy,　577-581
  • peroxo adducts, singlet oxygen additions to iridium(I)/rhodium(I) complexes,　315-316
  • trans-μ-η1-η1-peroxo-dicopper(II) complexes
  • copper peroxide inorganic chemistry,　829-830
  • tyrosinase-like reactivity,　832-833
  • peroxo intermediates, migratory insertions, platinum-carbon bond singlet oxygen additions,　318-320
  • peroxycarbamate moieties, lysine introduction, peptide structure elucidation,　544,547
  • peroxy 1,3-dipoles
  • general structure,　358-359
  • structural weights,　359
  • see also peroxy nitrene
  • α-peroxylactones, stability,　685
  • peroxy nitrenes,　357-420
  • antibonding σ*-orbitals,　363
  • aromatic,　369-416
  • decay reactions,　380-403
  • generation,　372-376
  • identification,　377-380
  • low-temperature decay,　380-386
  • oxygen atom transfer reactions,　411-416
  • nitroso compounds,　415-416
  • phosphorus(III) compounds,　411-413
  • sulfides/sulfoxides,　414-415
  • solution-phase chemistry,　386-400
  • spectral properties,　377-380
  • bond distances,　363-365
  • chemistry,　358-369
  • [3+2]-cycloadditions
  • carbonyl groups,　409-411
  • nitriles,　408-409
  • olefins,　403-408
  • organic compounds,　403-411
  • electronic excited states,　363-365
  • generation,　372-376,386-388
  • geometric parameters, electronically excited states,　364
  • ground state natural orbitals,　361,362-363
  • infrared spectra,　362
  • isomers,　359,365-366,398
  • organic compound reactivity,　403-416
  • oxygen atom transfer reactions,　411-416
  • nitroso compounds,　415-416
  • phosphorus(III) compounds,　411-413
  • sulfides/sulfoxides,　414-415
  • parent molecule chemistry,　358-369
  • relative energies of states,　366
  • thermal transformations, solution-phase,　391-398
  • unimolecular transformations,　366-369
  • peroxy radicals
  • atmospheric chemistry,　199-200
  • combustion reactions computational methods,　633-682
  • activation barriers for radical-O2 recombination,　637-645
  • hydrogen shift and HO2 elimination barriers in combustion,　670-677
  • overview of combustion system reactions,　667-669
  • quantum chemical methodology,　635-636
  • thermal bimolecular reactions in troposphere,　656-666
  • well depths for O2 addition,　646-656
  • formation energetics,　637-656
  • sources and sinks,　634-635
  • chemical ionization mass spectrometry,　572-573
  • dimerizations tetroxide/hydrotetroxide formation,　208-214
  • theoretical simulations,　216-218
  • disproportionations,　207-208,214-216
  • distonic radical ion synthesis,　573-577
  • formation, lipid hydroperoxides,　774
  • gas-phase ionization,　572-577
  • low temperature combustion of ethers,　592-594
  • recombination mechanisms,　197-230
  • organic tetroxides/hydrotetroxides,　207-222
  • analysis,　207-214
  • solvent effects,　211
  • substituent effects,　209-212
  • theoretical simulations,　216-218
  • recognized pathways,　218-221
  • theoretical simulations,　216-218
  • well depths, formation energetics,　646-656
  • peroxy sulfuranes, photooxygenation intermediates,　231,249-254
  • persulfoxides, type II sulfide photooxygenation intermediates,　231,233,237,238-246
  • PES see potential energy surfaces
  • phagocytes, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　770-771
  • pH effects
  • hydroperoxy radical bimolecular decay,　201
  • see also acid-base properties; acidity
  • phenolates
  • oxidations, trans-peroxo dicopper(II) complexes,　833-834
  • oxy-tyrosinase interactions,　819
  • phenolic compounds
  • aroxyl compound synthesis,　15
  • ortho-hydroxylations, dinuclear copper-O2 synthetic model systems,　831-833
  • oxidation chemistry,　15
  • oxidations, ortho-catechollortho-quinone synthesis,　816-819
  • β-phenylisovaleryl-para-nitrobenzoyl peroxide, decompositions on silica surfaces,　439,440-441
  • phenylnitroso oxides, structures,　370-372
  • PHM see peptidylglycine a-hydroxylating monooxygenase
  • phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxides, singlet oxygen generation,　779
  • phospholipid hydroperoxides (PLOOHs) detoxification,　754-755
  • signal transduction,　763-764
  • translocations,　760
  • very high-performance determination methods,　756
  • phospholipid peroxidation,　748-749
  • phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　100,101,102,105
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　108
  • phosphorus(III) compounds
  • nitrosobenzene deoxygenations,　395
  • oxygen atom transfer reactions, nitroso oxides,　411-413
  • photocatalytic reactions
  • single-molecule reactive oxygen species detection,　421-435
  • titanium dioxide, reactive oxygen species generation,　422-423
  • photochemical insertions, platinum-carbon bonds, dioxygens,　318-319
  • photochemical isomerizations, borylnitrene,　385-386
  • photochemistry, gas-phase peroxide ions,　577-581
  • photochromic compounds
  • acene endoperoxides
  • cycloadditions,　50-51
  • reversible photooxygenations,　50-61
  • reversible surface patterning,　51,54-55
  • systems,　51
  • photocleavage
  • arene endoperoxides,　45-50
  • DNA, vanadium(V) peroxo complexes,　321-322
  • singlet oxygens, high oxidation state molybdenum/vanadium complexes,　321-322
  • photodetachment, peroxide anions,　577-580
  • photodynamic prodrugs
  • animal models,　700,702-704
  • combretastatin-A4,　700,702-704
  • heteroatom-substituted dioxetane linkers,　696-701
  • photodynamic therapy (PDT)
  • deep-tissue penetrable light,　692
  • drug delivery, singlet oxygens,　691-692
  • lessons learned,　690-692
  • photosensitizers,　690-691
  • principles,　690
  • singlet oxygens,　690-692
  • wavelengths,　692
  • Photofrin, photodynamic therapy,　690-691
  • photoinitiators, acene endoperoxides, irreversible photooxygenations,　64-66,67-68
  • photolinkers, acene endoperoxides, irreversible photooxygenations,　63-64,66
  • photolithography, scene endoperoxides, irreversible photooxygenations,　62-63,64
  • photolysis
  • aliphatic azides,　373
  • 4-aminophenylnitroso oxide,　382-383
  • photolysis (continued)
  • aromatic azides, nitroso oxide generation,　372-373
  • dialkoxy disulfides,　295,297-300
  • methylnitrate, nitroso oxide generation,　376
  • 4-nitrophenyl azide,　385
  • O-substituted diazeniumdiolates, nitroso oxides,　374
  • photolytic autocatalyzed decompositions, dialkoxy disulfides,　297-300
  • photooxidations
  • allylsilanes, singlet oxygens,　331-334
  • allylstannanes, allylhydroperoxide stereoselective synthesis,　330-332
  • 4-aminophenyl azide,　382-383
  • aromatic azides, steady-state photolysis,　386-391
  • 6-azidoquinoline,　396-397
  • cholesterol, oxygen-18-labeled hydroperoxide synthesis,　782783
  • cobalt thiolato complexes, singlet oxygens,　348-349
  • cyclometalated anthracene complexes, singlet oxygens,　339-342
  • functionalized allylsilanes, singlet oxygens,　331-334
  • 4-nitrophenyl azide, nitroso oxides,　386-391
  • organic sulfides, sulfoxide/sulfone formation,　342-343
  • vinyl tungsten complexes, followed by Hock cleavage,　337
  • vitamin B12 derivatives, singlet oxygens,　338-340
  • photooxygenations
  • acenes
  • applications,　50-81
  • endoperoxide formation,　23-34
  • irreversible,　62-68
  • monolayers,　55-56,59,60
  • photochromic compounds,　50-61
  • reversible,　23,50-61
  • substituent and ring size effects,　23-34
  • uncommon peroxide formation,　34
  • sulfides, 1,2-dioxatrisulfane intermediates,　231-263
  • photoperoxides
  • sulfur-based,　231-232
  • see also 1,2-dioxatrisulfanes
  • photosensitizers (PS)
  • deactivated, esterase activation,　696-700,701
  • delivery
  • fluorinated fiber-optic tips,　696-697
  • optical fiber systems,　694-696,697
  • light-controlled delivery, heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes,　692-696
  • photodynamic therapy,　690-691
  • photosynthesis, molecular oxygen spin states,　806-808
  • photosystem II (PSII)
  • bioinspired models, copper-peroxo compounds,　811
  • oxygen evolving center, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • physical chemistry, hydrogen peroxide,　729-731
  • physical deactivation
  • singlet oxygens
  • cobalt complexes,　311-313
  • gold(I) thiolato complexes,　312-314
  • metal complexes,　309-314
  • nickel(II) thiolato complexes,　309-311
  • vitamin B12 derivatives,　311-313
  • see also quenching
  • piperylene, 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　386
  • planar structures
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　133-135
  • peroxy nitrene,　359
  • plasmalogen liposomes, content dispersion,　686-688
  • plasmas, hydrogen peroxide gas sterilization systems,　735-737
  • plasmenylcholine, oxidation, singlet oxygens,　692-693
  • platinum anodes, 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　110
  • platinum-bound allene ligands, platinum-bound,　337-338
  • platinum-carbon bonds
  • migratory insertions, singlet oxygen additions,　318-320
  • photochemical insertions, dioxygens,　318-319
  • platinum(II) complexes, singlet oxygen addition followed by migratory insertions,　318-320
  • platinum(II) dithiolato complexes, singlet oxygen reactivity,　345-348,350
  • platinum(II) methyl complexes, singlet oxygen additions followed by migratory insertions,　318-320
  • platinum(IV) oxo/peroxo complexes, migratory insertions, following singlet oxygen additions,　318-320
  • PLC-PEG see polycaprolactone copolyethylene glycol
  • PLOOHs see phospholipid hydroperoxides
  • PMA see phosphomolybdic acid
  • pMMO see particulate methane monooxygenase
  • polarity, silica surfaces,　439
  • polarography, oxo-sulfur species,　279-280
  • polycaprolactone copolyethylene glycol (PCL-PEG) micelles, chemiluminescent hydrogen peroxide-sensing,　706
  • polycyclic aromatic compounds, reversible binding, oxygens,　772
  • polymeric prodrug of vanillin (PVO) nanoparticles, dual stimuli-responsive,　706-707
  • polymer-supported dioxiranes
  • reactions,　477-478
  • synthesis,　476-477
  • polymer-supported fluorotropinine catalysts, synthesis,　485,486
  • polymer-supported peracids
  • reactions,　468-476
  • synthesis,　467-468
  • polymer-supported peroxides,　467-478
  • dioxirane reactions,　476-478
  • peracid reactions,　467-476
  • polymer-supported phenylseleninic acid catalysts, hydrogen peroxide oxidation reactions,　472-473
  • polymer-supports, characteristics,　467
  • polysulfides, transformations,　14
  • polyunsaturated fatty acid hydroperoxides, mass spectrometry,　548,549
  • polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), peroxidations,　548,773-774,549
  • porous silica, organic peroxide interactions,　438
  • porous Vycor glass, photosensitizer delivery,　694-696,697
  • positive ion chemical ionization (PICI) mass spectrometry, organic peroxide molecular ion formation,　536-537
  • potential energy surfaces (PES) alkyltetroxides,　216-218
  • hydrogen tetroxide,　204-207
  • POZ see primary ozonide
  • preservation, definition,　716
  • primary explosives
  • characteristics,　504
  • hexamethylenetriperoxodiamine,　518
  • lead azide,　504,509,518
  • triacetone triperoxide,　508-515
  • primary ozonide (POZ),　171-174
  • alkene ozonolysis in atmosphere,　586,597
  • cycloreversions,　586,597-598,599,602-603,606,607
  • see also 1,2,3-trioxolane
  • prions
  • description,　717-718
  • hydrogen peroxide effects,　727-729,741
  • probes
  • fluorescence resonance energy transfer,　700,702-703
  • hydrogen peroxide, aggregation-enhanced fluorescence nanoprobes,　706
  • reactive oxygen species,　421-422,430
  • singlet oxygens
  • acene endoperoxides,　69-73,75-76
  • 9,10-diphenylanthracene endoperoxides,　69-71
  • europium(III) anthracine complexes,　341-343
  • heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes,　700,702-703
  • remote anthracine ligands,　341-343
  • terbium(III) anthracine complexes,　341-342
  • prodrugs
  • light-controlled delivery, heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes,　696-701
  • nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,　696,698-699
  • photodynamic therapy,　691-692
  • product branching
  • hydroxide/hydroperoxide nucleophile reactions with methyl formate,　566
  • peroxy radicals, low temperature ether combustion,　593-594
  • product distributions, allyl tin complex/singlet oxygen reactions,　330-331
  • propellant charges see explosives; high energy dense materials
  • iso-propylhydroperoxide radical cations, major dissociation pathways,　533,535
  • protectionist, lipid peroxidation effects,　752,757,762
  • protein-facilitated lipid hydroperoxide translocation,　759-762
  • protein hydroperoxides, oxygen-18 peroxides,　788-791
  • proteins
  • hydrogen peroxide effects,　727-729,740-741
  • prions,　717-718,727-729,741
  • substrate specificity,　818-819
  • proton abstraction, gas-phases, a-effects,　566-568
  • proton affinities (PAs), anionic sulfur oxide species,　275
  • protonated cumyl hydroperoxides, collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry,　536,538
  • protonated dimethylperoxides, gas-phase dissociation,　536
  • protonated peroxides, infrared multiple photon dissociation,　580-581
  • proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET)
  • galactose oxidase,　816
  • trans-peroxo dicopper(II) complexes,　833-834
  • protozoa, description,　719
  • PS see photosensitizers
  • pseudo-molecular anions ([M-H]-)
  • tert-butyl peroxide, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　539,541
  • pseudo-molecular anions ([M-H]-) (continued)
  • cumylperoxide, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　541-542
  • ethyl peroxide, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　539-540
  • methylperoxide, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　539
  • perbenzoate, unimolecular dissociation pathways,　541,543
  • pseudo-molecular cations ([M-H]+) acetylbenzoyl peroxide,　544-546
  • tert-butyl peroxybenzoate dissociation,　536,538,539
  • infrared multiple photon dissociation,　580-581
  • methylhydroperoxide formation,　536-537
  • PUFAs see polyunsaturated fatty acids
  • purification
  • gem-dihydroperoxides,　89
  • dioxetanes,　684-685
  • PVO see polymeric prodrug of vanillin
  • pyrazolylborato dioxo tungsten complexes, metallo-ene reactions at olefins,　334-337
  • pyrotechnics, see also high energy dense materials
  • quantum chemical studies
  • B3LYP hybrid density function methods,　636,637
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediates,　591-592
  • combustion and lower atmosphere chemistry,　585-632
  • peroxy radical combustion and atmospheric reactions,　634,635-637
  • quenching
  • singlet oxygens
  • cobalt complexes,　311-313
  • gold(I) thiolato complexes,　312-314
  • metal complexes,　309-314
  • nickel(II) thiolato complexes,　309-311
  • vitamin B12 derivatives,　311-313
  • see also physical deactivation
  • quercetinase see flavonol 2,4-dioxygenase
  • quinones
  • anthraquinone process,　232
  • 1,4-napthoquinone synthesis,　850-851
  • ortho-quinones, synthesis, tyrosinase-catalyzed phenol oxidations,　816-819
  • radical additions
  • cholesterol hydroperoxide synthesis,　779-780
  • organic compound ozonizations, hydrotrioxide formation,　139-143
  • radical alkyl hydroperoxide cations, dissociation mechanisms,　533
  • radical-O2 recombination
  • activation barriers,　637-645
  • peroxy radical formation,　634
  • peroxy radical well depth,　646-656
  • Raman spectroscopy, hydrogen tetroxide,　202,203
  • rate constants
  • aromatic nitroso oxide isomerizations,　397,398
  • bisulfites with halogens/oxyhalogens,　15
  • olefin-nitroso oxide [3+2]-cycloadditions,　406-407
  • singlet oxygen removal from platinum/cobalt
  • thiolato complexes,　350
  • sulfoxylates with halogens/oxyhalogens,　15
  • theoretical versus experimental reactivity parameters, scene endoperoxide formation,　23-29
  • RDX (hexogen/cyclo-trimethylene trinitramine),　504,505,515,524
  • reaction kinetics, diacylperoxide decomposition on silica surfaces,　439-440
  • reactive nitrogen oxide species (RNOS), lipid peroxidation,　748
  • reactive oxygen species (ROS)
  • detection
  • problems,　422
  • single-molecule spectroscopic techniques,　421-435
  • TiO2 nanotubes,　430-432
  • free radical and nonradical species,　421
  • lipid peroxidation,　748-749
  • overproduction,　700
  • photocatalytic reactions,　421-435
  • reactivity parameters, acene endoperoxide formation,　23-29
  • rearrangements
  • dialkoxy disulfides
  • in acetonitrile,　289
  • cyclic thiosulfite formation,　291
  • perepoxides, dioxolane formation,　329-330
  • see also isomerizations
  • recombinations
  • hydroperoxy radicals, kinetics,　201-202
  • peroxy radicals
  • mechanisms,　197-230
  • analysis,　207-214
  • organic tetroxides/hydrotetroxides,　207-222
  • recognized pathways,　218-221
  • solvent effects,　211
  • structure and thermochemistry,　214-216
  • substituent effects,　209-212,214-216
  • theoretical simulations,　216-218
  • tertiary peroxide radicals,　219
  • recommended safety levels, biocidal gases,　738
  • reductions
  • hydroxocobalamin, sulfoxylic acids,　277-278
  • methylviologen dications, sulfoxylic acids,　276-277
  • nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, sulfinate adduct formation,　281-282
  • nitrous oxide, sulfoxylic acids,　277
  • sulfimides, dioxygen involvement,　282-283
  • N-tosylsulfimides, sulfoxylic acids,　282-283
  • reductive eliminations
  • singlet oxygens
  • group VIII metal complexes,　320
  • metal complexes,　319-322
  • molybdenum(VI) complexes,　321-322
  • vanadium(V) complexes,　321-322
  • regulatory requirements, gem-dihydroperoxide transport,　88-89
  • relative diradical characters, ,3-dipoles,　359,360
  • relative energies, states of peroxy nitrene,　366
  • remote anthracine ligarids, luminescent singlet oxygen probes,　341-342
  • resistance mechanisms, microorganisms, hydrogen peroxide,　742-744
  • respiration
  • metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • molecular oxygen spin states,　806-808
  • retention pathways, phenyl azide photooxidation to nitrobenzenes,　389-390
  • reversible binding, molecular oxygens, polycyclic aromatic compounds,　772
  • reversible dimerizations, triphenylmethyl free radicals,　15-16
  • reversible peroxidations, scenes and singlet oxygen to endoperoxides,　22,23
  • reversible photooxygenations, photochromic compounds, scene endoperoxides,　50-61
  • rhenium(VII) heptoxide
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　100,102,105
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis, carbonyl/gem-dihydroperoxide additions,　108-109
  • rhodium(I) complexes, oxidative additions, singlet oxygens,　315-317
  • rhodium(I) thiolato complexes, oxidative additions, singlet oxygens,　316-317
  • Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory, peroxy radical formation energetics, activation barriers for radical-O2 recombination,　643,644,645
  • Rieske dioxygenases,　808-809,811
  • ring size effects, scene endoperoxide formation/cycloreversion,　23-34,47
  • RNOS see reactive nitrogen oxide species
  • ROO see alkyl peroxides
  • ROO・ see alkyl peroxy radicals
  • ROOH see alkyl hydroperoxides
  • ROS see reactive oxygen species
  • Rose Bengal see Bengal Rose
  • rotational spectra, hydrotrioxy radicals,　133-134
  • RRKM see Rice-Ramsperger- Kassel-Marcus theory
  • Russell mechanism
  • cardiolipin-cytochrome c complexation,　787
  • singlet oxygen generation,　774,782,784,787
  • safety
  • ethylene oxide gas,　737-738
  • handling gem-dihydroperoxides,　88-89
  • hydrogen peroxide gas,　731
  • sanitization, definition,　716
  • SAPCs see supported aqueous-phase catalysts
  • saturated hydrocarbons, functionalization, transition metal-catalyzed selective oxygen transfers,　554
  • saturation, hydrogen peroxide gas,　730
  • SCIs see stabilized Criegee intermediates
  • scrambling pathways, phenyl azide photooxidation to nitrobenzenes,　389-390
  • secondary explosives
  • characteristics,　503-504
  • organic peroxides,　507-508,514-515
  • traditional,　504-505
  • see also terrorism
  • secondary organic aerosol precursors, Criegee intermediates,　585
  • secondary ozonides, dissociation pathways,　551,553
  • second-generation peroxy radicals, decomposition,　667
  • selected-ion flow tube (SIFT) experiments
  • alkyl hydroperoxide base anion-induced ECO2 eliminations,　560-565
  • cyclic peroxide explosives,　571
  • α-nucleophilicity of peroxide anions,　565-568
  • selective oxidations, terminal alcohols, galactose oxidase inspired copper catalytic systems,　841-843
  • selective oxygen atom transfers, transition metal-catalyzed, gas-phases,　554-560
  • self-association, hydrogen trioxide,　131
  • self-induced tetroxide homolysis,　197-200,214-216,218-221
  • semi-critical devices, disinfection,　720
  • semisynthetic plasmenylcholine liposomes, vinyl ether linked, 692-693
  • sensitivities, high energy dense materials,　503-504
  • Shilov-type chemistry, platinum(II) complexes,　318-320
  • side effects, chemotherapeutic drugs,　688
  • side-on copper-superoxo complexes,　823-824
  • side-on μ-η2-η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) cores
  • copper peroxide inorganic chemistry,　829-831
  • side-on μ-η2-η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) cores (continued)
  • natural product enantiomeric synthesis,　846-847
  • phenol ortho-hydroxylations,　831-833
  • signal transduction, lipid hydroperoxides,　762-764
  • silanes, oxidations, hydrotrioxide formation,　140-141,146
  • silanol groups, silica surfaces,　438,439
  • silica gel
  • organic peroxide interactions,　438
  • ozone absorption,　447
  • peracid support,　478-479
  • solid-supported aqueous phase reactions,　455-457
  • substrate support for oxidations,　489-490
  • sulfated, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　97,99,105
  • silica gel surfaces
  • adsorption sites,　438-440
  • organic compound ozonizations,　141-142
  • organic peroxide interactions,　438-443,444
  • peroxide decomposition kinetics,　439-440
  • solid-supported aqueous phases,　451,453,455
  • silica-supported dioxiranes,　484-485
  • silica-supported fluorotropinine catalysts, synthesis,　485,486
  • silica-supported hydroperoxides,　485,487-488
  • silica-supported peracids
  • reactions,　479-484
  • synthesis,　478-479,480-481
  • silicon-29 spectra, hydrotrioxides,　143,146
  • silver-bridged acetylbenzoyl peroxide dimers, electrospray ionization,　544,546
  • silver ion adducts, electrospray ionization, acetylbenzoyl peroxide,　544,546
  • silver ion-substituted lipid hydroperoxides, mass spectrometry,　548,550
  • silylations, getn-dihydroperoxides,　119-120
  • silyl perrhenates, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　100,102,105
  • simulations
  • fullerine ozonides,　177-179
  • open-chain organic trioxides,　163-164
  • single-molecule ROS detection
  • photocatalytic reactions,　421-435
  • hydroxyl radical (・OH),　426-429,430-432
  • singlet oxygens,　423-426
  • single-particle detection, reactive oxygen species generated in TiO2 nanotubes,　430-432
  • single-point (SP) molecular energies
  • molecular quantum chemistry,　635
  • peroxy radical formation,　641,646,647-649
  • singlet excited states, peroxy nitrene, structure,　364
  • singlet oxygens (1O2)
  • acene endoperoxide formation,　23
  • arylanthracene oxygenation intermediates,　32-34
  • kinetics,　23-29
  • mechanistic studies,　29-32
  • photochromic compounds,　51-52,56-58,61
  • N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynurenine synthesis, melatonin oxidations,　790-791
  • allylsilane photooxidations,　331-334
  • biological targets,　771
  • carriers, acene endoperoxides,　74,75-76
  • cholesterol hydroperoxide synthesis,　779-782
  • cleavage, heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes,　686-688
  • cobalt thiolato complex reactions,　346-350
  • cycloadditions at carbon-carbon double bonds in metal complexes,　338-343
  • eliminations
  • group VII metal complexes,　320
  • metal complexes,　319-322
  • molybdenum(VI) complexes,　321-322
  • vanadium(V) complexes,　321-322
  • N-formylkynurenine synthesis, tryptophan oxidations,　788-789
  • generation
  • acene endoperoxide formation,　23,56
  • biological hydroperoxides,　775-787
  • calcium salts/hydrogen peroxide,　325-327
  • hydrogen peroxide
  • calcium salts,　325-327
  • disproportionation,　322-326
  • hydrotrioxides,　150-151
  • lipid hydroperoxides,　773-787
  • molybdenum peroxides,　322-325
  • napthalene endoperoxides,　770-773
  • oxygen-18-labeled cardiolipin hydroperoxides,　782-787
  • oxygen-18-labeled cholesterol hydroperoxides,　779-782,783-784
  • oxygen-18-labeled linoleic acid hydroperoxides,　775-779
  • Russell mechanism,　774,782,784,787
  • tungsten peroxides,　324
  • guanine oxidations isolated 2'-deoxyribonucleosides,　790-796
  • secondary reactions,　793-796
  • lifetimes
  • cells,　691
  • solvents,　690-691
  • lipid peroxidation,　748,749
  • metal centers, chemistry,　309-326
  • metal complexes,　307-356
  • eliminations,　319-322
  • generation
  • molybdenum peroxides,　322-325
  • tungsten peroxides,　324
  • generation by hydrogen peroxide disproportionation,　322-326
  • ligand interactions,　326-350
  • carbon-carbon double bonds,　338-343
  • ene chemistry,　326-338
  • thiolato ligands,　342-350
  • oxidative addition,　314-320
  • followed by migratory insertions,　318-320
  • metallo-ene reactions,　326-338
  • allylsilanes,　331-334
  • allyl tin compounds,　327-332
  • olefinic ligands in tungsten complexes,　334-337
  • platinum-bound allene ligands,　337-338
  • 8-methoxyguanine oxidations,　795796
  • nickel-dithiolato complex reactions,　343-344
  • oxidative additions
  • iridium(I) complexes,　315-317
  • rhodium(I) complexes,　315-317
  • 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine
  • formation in cellular DNA,　795-797
  • oxidations,　793-795
  • palladium-dithiolato complex reactions,　343,344-345
  • photodynamic therapy,　690-692
  • photooxidations
  • cyclometalated anthracene complexes,　339-342
  • vitamin B12 derivatives,　338-340
  • physical deactivation
  • cobalt complexes,　311-313
  • gold(I) thiolato complexes,　312-314
  • metal complexes,　309-314
  • nickel(II) thiolato complexes,　309-311
  • vitamin B12 derivatives,　311-313
  • plasmenylcholine oxidations,　692-693
  • platinum thiolato/dithiolato complex reactions,　345-348
  • probes
  • acene endoperoxides,　69-73,75-76
  • 9,10-diphenylanthracene endoperoxides,　69-71
  • europium(III) anthracine complexes,　341-343
  • heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes,　700,702-703
  • remote anthracine ligands,　341-343
  • terbium(III) anthracine complexes,　341-342
  • terbium(III) ion anthracine complexes,　341-342
  • quenching
  • cobalt complexes,　311-313
  • gold(I) thiolato complexes,　312-314
  • metal complexes,　309-314
  • nickel(II) thiolato complexes,　309-311
  • 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　386
  • vitamin B12 derivatives,　311-313
  • Russell mechanism,　774,782,784,787
  • sensitizers, 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　386
  • single molecule detection,　423-426
  • sources,　771
  • substituted alkene [2+2] cycloadditions,　685
  • sulfur-containing functional group reactivity,　233,234
  • titanium dioxide photocatalytic reactions single molecule detection,　423-426
  • spatial and temporal distribution,　426
  • tryptophan oxidations, hydroperoxide generation,　788-791
  • type II sulfide photooxygenations,　233-238
  • water oxidations, antibodies,　128
  • singlet sulfurs
  • generation, dialkoxy disulfides,　295-300
  • trapping, dienes,　297
  • site-specific drug delivery
  • chemotherapeutic drugs, arninoacrylate linkers,　696-701
  • photosensitizers, heteroatom-substituted dioxetanes,　692-696
  • SN2 displacements, gas-phases, u-effects,　566-568
  • sodium dithionite
  • decompositions with thiosulfurous acid,　285-287
  • sulfoxylic acid reactions,　279
  • sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate (HMS) sulfoxylic acid synthesis,　269-270
  • thiourea oxidations by oxyhalogens,　278-279
  • sodium perborate, hydrogen peroxide preparations,　722
  • sodium percarbonate, hydrogen peroxide preparations,　722
  • soiling
  • hydrogen peroxide gas sterilization,　730-731
  • hydrogen peroxide sterilization,　721
  • solid-assisted solution-phase synthesis,　466
  • solid-phase organic synthesis, solid-supported substrates in oxidation reactions,　488-496
  • solid-supported aqueous phases, inorganic peroxide reactions in organic synthesis,　451-459
  • solid-supported catalysts
  • arsonated polystyrene,　470-472
  • fluorotropinines on silica/polystyrene,　485,486
  • functionalized polymeric resins,　470-472
  • polymer-supported phenylseleninic acid,　472-473
  • synthesis,　485,486
  • solid-supported peroxides,　466-488
  • polymer supported,　467-478
  • silica-supported,　478-488
  • solid-supported substrates
  • inorganic oxidation reactions,　488
  • organic synthesis,　488-496
  • oxidation reactions,　488-496
  • solid surfaces,　437-502
  • hydrogen peroxide reactions,　459-466
  • organic peroxide interactions,　438-446
  • ozone interactions,　446-450
  • solid-supported peroxides,　466-488
  • solid-supported substrates,　488-496
  • supported aqueous-phase catalysts,　451-459
  • surface-mediated reactions,　450-466
  • solid tumors
  • oxygenations, Vycor glass optical fiber systems,　694-696
  • oxygen concentration,　691
  • solution-phase chemistry
  • aromatic nitroso oxides,　386-400
  • thermal transformations,　391-398
  • solvents
  • hydrotrioxide decomposition effects,　152
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　137-138
  • peroxy radical recombination, tetroxide formation,　211
  • singlet oxygen lifetimes,　690-691
  • vibrational energy, singlet oxygen lifetimes,　691
  • SOO groups, 1,2-dioxatrisulfanes/thiaperoxides,　231-232
  • SP see single-point
  • Spaulding system, disinfectants,　719-720
  • spectrophotometry, lipid peroxidation determination,　755
  • spectroscopy
  • aromatic nitroso oxides,　377-380
  • dicopper-oxygen species,　830
  • hydrogen trioxide,　129,130-131
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　133-134
  • peroxide ions, gas-phases,　577-581
  • single-molecule ROS detection
  • photocatalytic reactions,　421-435
  • hydroxyl radical,　426-429,430-432
  • singlet oxygens,　424-426
  • spin
  • acyclic organic peroxides,　11
  • atomic oxygen,　2-3
  • consequences of,　1-20
  • cytochrome c oxidase model systems,　837-838
  • dioxetanes,　11-12
  • dioxygens,　3-4
  • molecular oxygen-hydrogen/water interactions,　806-808
  • oxygens,　2-8,806-808
  • ozone,　5
  • para-substituted phenylnitroso oxides,　370-372
  • peroxides,　8-14
  • spoilage prevention, hydrogen peroxide,　719,723-724
  • spontaneous cleavage, 1,2-dioxetanes,　684
  • spontaneous lipid hydroperoxide translocation,　759-762
  • spores
  • bacterial,　715,718,725,728
  • fungal,　718
  • stability
  • acene endoperoxides,　40-45
  • alkylhyponitrates,　209
  • dioxetanes,　684-685
  • lone electron pairs, tetroxides,　197-200,214-216
  • peroxy nitrene isomers,　365-366
  • sulfoxylic acids,　267,271-273
  • tetroxides
  • isotopic effects,　211
  • lone electron pairs,　198-199,214-216
  • solvent effects,　211
  • structure and thermochemistry,　214-216
  • substituent effects,　209-212,214-216
  • trioxides, lone electron pairs,　197-199,214-216
  • stabilization, hydrotrioxy radicals,　137-138
  • stabilized Criegee intermediates (SCIs), reactivity/hydroxyl radical formation,　618-627
  • stable dioxetanes, isolation,　685
  • stable rotamers, peroxy nitrene,　359
  • stannyl hydroperoxides, synthetic applications,　331,333
  • stasis, bacteria,　715-716
  • steady-state photolysis, aromatic azide photooxidations,　386-391
  • stereospecific synthesis
  • allylhydroperoxides, allylstannane photooxidations,　330-332
  • chiral hydroperoxides, singlet oxygen ene reactions, allyl tin complexes,　330,332
  • natural products, side-on
  • μ-η2-η2-peroxo-dicopper(II) cores,　846-847
  • steric effects, product distributions, allyl tin complex/singlet oxygen reactions,　330-331
  • sterilization
  • definition,　716
  • hydrogen peroxide,　713-746
  • need for,　720
  • structural weights, peroxy 1,3-dipoles,　359
  • structures
  • hydrogen trioxide,　129,130
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　134-135
  • peptides,　544,547
  • sulfoxylic acids,　268-271
  • thiosulfurous acid,　274-275
  • substituent effects
  • acene endoperoxide formation,　23-34
  • arylnitroso oxide ortho-cyclizations,　399-400
  • tetroxide decay constants,　209-212
  • substituted alkenes, [2+2] cycloadditions, singlet oxygens,　685
  • substitutions
  • alkenes, derived dioxetane effects,　685,686,689
  • carbonyl compounds, ozone, tetroxolane formation,　222-224
  • olefins, ozone, trioxolane formation,　222
  • substrate specificity, coupled dinuclear copper enzymes,　818-819
  • sulfated silica gel, gern-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　97,99,105
  • sulfenic esters, thermochemistry,　10-11
  • sulfide photooxygenations
  • 1,2-dioxatrisulfane intermediates,　231-263
  • type I reactions,　257-259
  • type II reactions,　233-257
  • sulfides, oxygen atom transfers, nitroso oxides,　414-415
  • sulfimides, reductions, dioxygen involvement,　282-283
  • sulfinate adducts, formation, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reductions,　281-282
  • N-sulfinylamines, electronic structure,　360
  • sulfones, synthesis, organic sulfide photooxidations,　342-343
  • sulfoxides
  • oxygen atom transfer reactions, nitroso oxides,　414-415
  • synthesis, organic sulfide photooxidations,　342-343
  • sulfoxylates
  • halogens/oxyhalogen reactions, rate constants,　15
  • synthesis, cyclic thiosulfites,　291
  • sulfoxylic acids,　266-285,296
  • acid-base properties,　272-273
  • 1-benzyl-1,4-dihydronicotinamide double bond interactions,　283-284
  • bond distances,　296
  • hydroxocobalamin reductions,　277-278
  • iron-tetrasulfophthalocyanine-catalyzed nitrite reductions,　278
  • isomers,　269-273
  • methylviologen dication reductions,　276-277
  • nitrite reactivity,　277
  • nitrous oxide reductions,　277
  • perfluoroaryl halide reactivity,　284-285
  • sodium dithionite reactivity,　279
  • stability,　267,271-273
  • structure,　268-271,296
  • synthesis,　266-271
  • N-tosylsulfimide reductions,　282-283
  • sulfur
  • diatomic, electronic configuration,　5
  • Diets-Alder adduct formation,　297
  • sulfur-based peroxides, 1,2-dioxatrisulfane/thiaperoxide photooxygenations,　231-263
  • sulfur dioxide, thiosulfurous acid formation,　286-287
  • sulfuric acid
  • gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　97105
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis,　106-107
  • sulfur oxides, bonding strengths,　9-10
  • sulfur substitution, alkenes, derived dioxetane effects,　685,686,689
  • superoxide anions
  • alkyl hydroperoxide gas-phase reactivity,　564-565
  • disproportionation,　821
  • supported aqueous-phase catalysts (SAPCs), reactions with substrates in immiscible organic solvents,　451-459
  • surface-mediated peroxide reactions,　450-466
  • tert-butyl hydroperoxide,　450,453-455,456-457
  • hydrated inorganic solids,　451-459
  • inorganic peroxides,　450-459
  • magnesium monoperoxyphthalic acid,　451-459
  • solid-supported aqueous phases,　451-459
  • surface ozonolysis, unsaturated lipids,　551553
  • surface reactivity, mass spectrometers,　532-533
  • synergistic effects
  • bifunctional drugs, heteroatom-substituted dioxetane linkers,　696,698-699,701
  • peracetic acid/hydrogen peroxide,　722-723
  • synthetic copper-peroxo complexes,　821-840
  • copper-zinc superoxide dismutase,　840
  • dinuclear copper-O2 complexes,　829-832,833-834
  • fiavonol 2,4-dioxygenase,　848
  • mononuclear copper enzymes,　823-828
  • systemic side effects, drug delivery,　688
  • S-O bond formation, 1,2-dioxatrisulfanes/thiaperoxides,　232
  • TATP see triacetone triperoxide
  • TBHP see tert-butyl hydroperoxide; tert-butyl hydroperoxide
  • TDI see N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-N-octylterrylene-3,4,11,12-tetracarboxdiimide
  • TDO see thiourea dioxide
  • temperature effects
  • hydrotrioxide decomposition,　152
  • sulfide photooxygenations,　233
  • temperature of explosion, high energy dense materials,　504
  • temperature sensitivity, high energy dense materials,　503-504
  • terbium(III) ions, anthracine complexes,　341-342
  • terminal alcohols, selective oxidations by galactose oxidase-inspired catalytic systems,　841-843
  • terminating pathways, tetroxide decay,　200,208-209,211
  • terrorism, peroxide-based explosives,　507-508,514-515,522,524,527
  • tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP), surface-mediated reactions,　450,453-455,456-457
  • tertiary peroxide radicals, recombination mechanisms,　219
  • tertiary structure, coupled dinuclear copper enzymes,　818-819
  • tetra-atomic oxygens, bonding,　5-6
  • tetramethylene diperoxide diamine dialdehyde (TMDDD),　520
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxacycloalkanes, synthesis, gem-dihydroperoxide alkylations,　116-117
  • 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes (TOs)
  • chemistry,　12
  • synthesis
  • Brønsted acid-catalyzed,　106-108
  • gem-dihydroperoxide conversions,　106-115
  • with acetals,　109-110
  • with carbonyls,　106-109
  • comparison of methods,　111-115
  • with enol ethers,　109-110
  • Lewis acid-promoted,　108-110
  • platinum anodes,　110
  • 1,2,7,8-tetraoxaspiroundecanes, synthesis, gem-dihydroperoxide alkylations,　116-117
  • tetraoxidanes,　198
  • see also tetroxides
  • tetraoxocyclo compounds, synthesis, gem-dihydroperoxide alkylations,　116-117
  • tetrasubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes, synthesis
  • gem-dihydroperoxide conversions,　108-109,113-115
  • tetroxanes see tetraoxanes
  • tetroxides
  • atmospheric chemistry,　199-200,222-224
  • cross-recombinations,　221-222
  • decay pathways,　200
  • irreversible decay, peroxy radical mechanics,　208-214
  • linear, decomposition,　775
  • organic
  • peroxy radical recombination mechanisms,　197-200,207-222
  • analysis,　207-214
  • dimerizations,　208-214
  • solvent effects,　211
  • structure and thermochemistry,　214-216
  • substituent effects,　209-212
  • self-induced homolysis,　197-200,214-216,218-221
  • stability,　198-199
  • structure and thermochemistry,　214-216
  • tetroxolanes, formation, carbonyl ozonolysis,　222-224
  • thermal bimolecular reactions, alkylperoxy radicals in troposphere,　635,656-666
  • thermal cleavage
  • arene endoperoxides to acenes,　34-45
  • C-O/O-O cleavage competition,　34-36
  • mechanisms,　36-45
  • two step versus simultaneous processes,　36-37
  • endoperoxides, singlet molecular oxygen generation,　772-773
  • thermal decompositions
  • fullerene ozonides,　184-186
  • hydrotrioxides,　148-155
  • activation parameters,　153-155
  • kinetics,　151-155
  • open-chain organic trioxides,　158-163
  • activation parameters,　159-160
  • peroxide-based explosives
  • diacetone diperoxide,　516
  • hexamethylenetriperoxodiamine,　520,521
  • methyl ethyl ketone peroxide,　522
  • triacetone triperoxide,　514
  • thermalization, atmospheric alkylperoxy radicals,　635
  • thermal stability
  • gem-dihydroperoxides,　89
  • dioxetanes,　684-685
  • fullerene ozonides,　179-184
  • hydrogen trioxide,　130-131
  • thermal transformations, nitroso oxides, solution-phases,　391-398
  • thermochemistry
  • hydrogen tetroxide,　202-204
  • hydrogen trioxide,　129,130
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　136-137
  • sulfenic esters,　10-11
  • tetroxides,　202-204,214-216
  • thermodynamic stability, high energy dense materials,　503-504
  • thermolysis see thermal cleavage
  • thiadioxiranes, type II sulfide photooxygenation intermediates,　231,239,246-249
  • thiaperoxides see 1,2-dioxatrisulfanes
  • thio-acrylate-derived dioxetanes, properties,　686,689
  • thiolato ligands
  • cobalt, singlet oxygen reactivity,　346-350
  • metal-bound, singlet oxygen reactivity,　342-350
  • nickel, singlet oxygen reactivity,　343-344
  • palladium, singlet oxygen reactivity,　343,344-345
  • platinum, singlet oxygen reactivity,　345-348,350
  • thioperoxides, thiaperoxides distinction,　231
  • thiosulfurous acids
  • acid-base properties,　275
  • bond distances,　296
  • isomers,　287
  • reactivity,　285-287
  • structure,　274-275
  • sulfur dioxide reactivity,　286-287
  • synthesis,　274
  • thiourea dioxide (TDO)
  • oxyhalogen reactivity,　278-279
  • sulfimide reductions using dioxygens,　282-283
  • sulfoxylic acid synthesis,　269-271
  • thioureas, oxidations, oxyhalogens,　278-279
  • thiourea trioxide, oxyhalogen/thiourea reactivity,　278-279
  • thiozone,　5
  • three-membered S-O-O rings, thiadioxirane photooxygenation intermediates,　231,239,246-249
  • tin-containing zeolite surfaces, hydrogen peroxide reactions,　463-464
  • TiO2 see titanium dioxide
  • tissues, oxygen concentration,　691
  • titanium dioxide (TiO2)
  • photocatalytic reactions
  • hydroxyl radical detection,　426-429,430-432
  • reactive oxygen species generation,　422-423
  • singlet oxygen detection,　423-426
  • porous nanotubes, single-molecule/single-particle ROS detection,　430-432
  • titanyl tert-butoxide, organometallic trioxide synthesis,　168-169
  • TMSOT f see trimethylsilyl trifiate
  • TNT see trinitrotoluene
  • TOs see 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes
  • tosylhydrazones, oxidations, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　104
  • N-tosylsulfimides, reductions, sulfoxylic acids,　282-283
  • transannular ozonides (TOZs),　174-175
  • transition metal cations
  • gas-phase oxygen transfers
  • alkyl hydroperoxides,　558-560
  • alkyl peroxides,　557
  • dimethyl peroxide,　554-557
  • organic peroxide reactivity,　554-560
  • transition state theory (TST), peroxy radical formation energetics,　637
  • transport, molecular oxygens, metal-peroxo complexes,　808-809
  • trapping, singlet sulfurs, dienes,　297
  • triacetone triperoxide (TATP),　508-515
  • desorption electrospray ionization,　551-552
  • oxygen-oxygen bonds, bond dissociation energies,　551
  • properties,　508-509,510-511,513-514,523
  • safe destruction,　511-513
  • structure,　508,510-511,512
  • synthesis,　509-510
  • uses,　508,514-515
  • triatomic oxygens
  • bond strengths/electronic configuration,　5
  • see also ozone
  • triethylamine, 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　386
  • trimethylsilyl trifiate (TMSOT f), 1,2,4,5-tetraoxane synthesis, gem-dihydroperoxide conversions with enol ethers/acetals,　109-110
  • trimethylstannyl-2-propene, singlet oxygen reactivity,　327-328
  • trimolecular decay, hydroperoxy radicals,　201
  • trinitrotoluene (TNT),　504-505,511,524
  • trioxides
  • definition,　126
  • hydrogen trioxide,　127-132
  • generation,　128,129
  • properties,　129-130
  • self-association,　131
  • mixed, organic compound oxidations,　171-172
  • organometallic,　166-172
  • stability,　197-199
  • see also organic trioxides
  • 1,2,3-trioxolanes
  • formation,　171-174,179-184
  • olefin ozonolysis,　222
  • trioxolanes, formation, olefin ozonolysis,　222
  • triphenylmethane, oxidations, hydrotrioxide formation,　140
  • triphenylmethyl free radicals, reversible dimerizations,　15-16
  • triplet carbonyl species, aldehyde conversions, cytochrome,　787
  • triplet hydrotrioxides,　150-151
  • triplet nitrenes
  • aromatic nitroso oxide generation,　372-376
  • oxidation rate constants,　374
  • triplet oxygens (3O2) carriers, acene endoperoxide,　74
  • electronic configuration,　3-4
  • quenchers, 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　386
  • sensitizers, 4-nitrophenyl azide photooxidations,　386
  • triplet peroxy nitrenes, structure,　365
  • triplet phenylnitroso oxides,　372,373
  • triplet-triplet energy transfers, cytochrome, singlet oxygen generation,　787
  • trisubstituted 1,2,4,5-tetraoxanes, synthesis gem-dihydroperoxide conversions,　108-110,111-112
  • trithiirane,　5
  • tropopause, hydrotrioxy radicals,　136
  • troposphere
  • alkylperoxy radical reactions,　633-682
  • sources and sinks,　634-635
  • thermal bimolecular reactions,　656-666
  • definition,　633
  • tryptophan, oxidations, hydroperoxide generation,　788-791
  • tryptophan hydroperoxides (WOOH), decompositions, N-formylkynurenine synthesis,　788-789
  • TST see transition state theory
  • tumor-homing molecules,　688
  • tumors, oxygen concentration,　691
  • tungsten complexes, olefinic ligand-containing, metallo-ene reactions,　334-337
  • tungstic acid, gem-dihydroperoxide synthesis,　102,105
  • two-electron reductions, lipid hydroperoxides,　754-755
  • type 2 photooxidation, acenes,　23
  • type I sulfide photooxygenations, 1,2-dioxatrisulfane intermediates,　232,257-259
  • type II sulfide photooxygenations
  • 1,2-dioxatrisulfane intermediates,　232,233-257
  • hydroperoxy sulfanes,　249-254
  • hydroperoxy sulfonium salts,　249-254
  • hydroperoxysulfonium ylides,　249-254
  • persulfoxides,　238-246
  • thiadioxiranes,　246-249
  • intermediates,　233,235,237
  • scope/mechanism,　233-238
  • tyrosinase (Tyr)
  • dioxygen activations, copper-peroxo complexes,　812,816-818,819,831-833,846-848
  • synthetic approaches, dinuclear copper complexes,　831-833,846-848
  • tyrosine residues in galactose oxidase, proton-coupled electron transfer,　816
  • UB3LYP see unrestricted B3LYP
  • UHP see urea-hydrogen peroxide
  • ultraviolet (UV) light
  • photodetachment, peroxide anions,　577-580
  • reactive oxygen species generation, single-molecule detection,　421-435
  • uncoupled dinuclear copper enzymes, biological processes,　812,816-817
  • unimolecular transformations
  • alkylperoxy radical low temperature combustion,　635,667-669
  • aromatic nitroso oxide decay,　380-386
  • benzyl-O-nitroso oxide,　391-392
  • carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediates in atmosphere,　586,597,610-618
  • ionized gas-phase organic peroxides,　532-553
  • molecular ion formation and dissociation,　532-541,542-543
  • ionized organic peroxides, gas-phases,　532-553
  • peroxy nitrene,　366-369
  • unoccupied natural orbits (UNOs), complete-active-space self-consistent field calculation,　634
  • unrestricted B3LYP (UB3LYP), tropospheric peroxy radical reactions,　659,661
  • unsaturated fatty acids/lipids
  • carbon-carbon double bond localization, mass spectrometry,　551,553
  • surface ozonolysis, mass spectrometry,　551,553
  • unsaturated phospholipids, secondary ozonide dissociation pathways,　551,553
  • unsymmetrical copper-O2-Metal systems,　833-840
  • cytochrome c oxidase model complexes,　834-840
  • urea-hydrogen peroxide (UHP), solid surface reactions,　464-466
  • UV see ultraviolet light
  • vacuum applications, hydrogen peroxide gas,　730-731,734-737
  • vanadium(IV) oxide-acetylacetonate complexes, organometallic trioxide synthesis,　169-170
  • vanadium(V) complexes, reductive eliminations, singlet oxygens,　321-322
  • vanadium(V) peroxo complexes, DNA photocleavage,　321-322
  • vanadyl tert-butoxide, organometallic trioxide synthesis,　168-169
  • vaporization, hydrogen peroxide,　729-730,732-734
  • vapor pressures, hydrogen peroxide/water mixtures,　729-730
  • velocity of detonation (VoD), high energy dense materials,　504,509,511,519,523,524
  • verbindungseinheit, homonuclear oxygen chains,　198-199
  • vertical ionization potentials, substituted alkenes, singlet oxygen [2+2] cycloadditions,　685
  • very high-performance determination methods, lipid hydroperoxides,　755-759
  • vibrational energy, solvents, singlet oxygen lifetimes,　691
  • vibrational predissociation, hydrotrioxy radicals,　136-137
  • vibrational spectroscopy
  • hydrogen tetroxide,　202,203
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　133-134
  • vinyl abstractions, 1,3-allylic strain, allyl silane singlet oxygen ene reactions,　334
  • vinyl diether linkers, light-responsive liposomes,　686-687
  • vinyl dithioether linkers, light-responsive liposomes,　686-687
  • vinyl ether linkers, light-responsive liposomes,　692-693
  • vinyl mono-amine monoether linkers, light-responsive liposomes,　686-687
  • vinyl pyrazolylborato dioxo tungsten complexes, metallo-ene reactions at olefins,　337
  • vinyl tungsten complexes, photooxidations followed by Hock cleavage,　337
  • viruses
  • description,　718
  • hydrogen peroxide,　740,743
  • visible light irradiation, drug delivery, heteroatom-substituted dioxetane linkers,　688-700
  • vitamin B12 derivatives
  • photooxidations, singlet oxygens,　338-340
  • singlet oxygens, physical deactivation of oxygens,　311-313
  • VoD see velocity of detonation
  • Vycor glass, photosensitizer delivery,　694-696,697
  • water
  • Criegee intermediates reactions in atmosphere,　619,623-625
  • hydrogen peroxide gas interactions,　729-730
  • hydrotrioxy radicals,　137-138
  • oxidations, antibodies,　128
  • oxidized,　713-715
  • silica surfaces,　438
  • singlet oxygen lifetimes,　690-691
  • wavelengths, photodynamic therapy,　692
  • Wigner spin conservation, linear tetroxide decomposition,　775
  • WOOH see tryptophan hydroperoxides
  • XOD see hypoxanthine- xanthine-oxidase
  • yield, hydrotrioxide synthesis,　142-143,144-145
  • zeolites
  • surfaces
  • hydrogen peroxide reactions,　463-464
  • ozone absorption,　447
  • solid-supported aqueous phases,　453
  • unactivated NaY, oxidations,　465-466
  • tin-containing, hydrogen peroxide reactions on surfaces,　463-464
  • zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc)
  • β-cyclodextrin dimer complexes,　693-695
  • phototriggered liposomes,　692-693
  • zirconyl tert-butoxide, organometallic trioxide synthesis,　168-169
  • ZnPc see zinc phthalocyanine
  • zwitterionic persulfoxides, type II sulfide photooxygenation intermediates,　238,244
  • zwitterionic potentials, 1,3-dipoles,　359,360
  • zwitterionic structures, carbonyl oxides/Criegee intermediates,　587-588

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